Enteric Transit and Absorption After Canine Ileostomy

O’Connell, P. R.

doi:10.1001/archsurg.1987.01400210049007

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Similarly, intestinal contractions in dogs were also attenuated with IES of long pulses and the inhibitory effect was mediated via the sympathetic pathway [6]. However, canine intestinal transit was observed to be accelerated when IES was performed in the proximal small intestine [1, 12, 14] but delayed when IES was performed in the distal small intestine [8]. In healthy volunteers, IES of long pulses was reported to delay gastric emptying and reduce gastric accommodation measured by a simple water-load test [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central neuronal mechanisms of intestinal electrical stimulation: Effects on duodenum distention-responsive (DD-R) neurons in the VMH of rats

Zhang¹,

Zhu²,

Chen

2009

Neuroscience Letters

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Intestinal electrical stimulation (IES) has been shown to produce inhibitory effects on gastric contractions, gastric emptying, food intake and body weight in rats and dogs, suggesting a therapeutic potential for obesity. The aims of this study were 1) to test the hypothesis that the neurons in the VMH are involved in the central mechanisms of IES treatment for obesity; 2) to compare the effects of IES at the duodenum and IES at the ileum on neuronal activities of the VMH; 3) to better understand if the neuronal activity modulated by IES was mediated via the vagal pathway. Methods Extracellular potentials of neurons in the VMH were recorded in 18 anesthetized rats. IES at the duodenum or ileum was performed in duodenal-distention responsive (DD-R) neurons with 3 sets of parameters (IES-1 with trains of short-pulses: 4mA, 2s-on, 3s-off, 2ms, 20Hz; IES-2 with long-pulses: 6mA, 20cpm, 100ms; IES-3, same as IES-1 but 40Hz). Results IES-1 at the duodenum and the ileum activated 70.6% and 73.3% of the DD-R neurons, respectively; Similar percentages of the neurons were activated with IES-3 at the duodenum and the ileum (70.6% vs. 66.7% P=0.91), respectively. IES-2 at these locations activated only 25% and 46.2% of the DD-R neurons, respectively (P>0.05). IES at the duodenum with parameter set, IES-1 or IES-3 was significantly more potent than the parameter set, IES-2 (neuronal activation: 70.6% vs. 25%, P<0.05). Bilateral vagotomy only partially blocked the effects of IES on the neuronal activity in the VMH, indicating that extra-vagal pathways can mediate these effects. Conclusions IES with different parameters activates 25–70.6% of the VMH neurons responsive to DD, and IES with trains of short-pulses seems more effective than IES with long-pulses. The vagal pathway and extra-vagal pathways are involved in the modulatory effects of IES on the central neurons in the satiety center.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central neuronal mechanisms of intestinal electrical stimulation: Effects on duodenum distention-responsive (DD-R) neurons in the VMH of rats

Zhang¹,

Zhu²,

Chen

2009

Neuroscience Letters

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“…7). Backward IES was found to delay intestinal transit [70][71][72][73]. IES is applicable to treat dumping syndrome due to its inhibitory effect on intestinal transit [10,15,16,74] and may also be applied to treat obesity due to its excitatory effect on intestinal transit (possibly reducing nutrient absorption) [69].…”

Section: Effects and Mechanisms Of Ies On Intestinal Transit And Absomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, backward IES can be used to delay intestinal transit and therefore may be used to treat patients with dumping syndrome or short-bowel syndrome [10,15,16,74]. A number of early studies also demonstrated the application of IES in enhancing intestinal absorption [47,52,71]. In these applications, IES was performed backward and the improvement in short-bowel syndrome or absorption was attributed to a delay in intestinal transit.…”

Section: Ies For the Treatment Of Intestinal Motility Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms and Potential Applications of Intestinal Electrical Stimulation

Yin¹,

Chen²

2009

Dig Dis Sci

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It is concluded that intestinal electrical stimulation may have promising applications for treating motility disorders associated with altered intestinal contractile activity. The most recent studies have revealed possible applications of intestinal electrical stimulation for the treatment of obesity. Basic research results are promising; however, further clinical studies are needed to bring IES from bench to bedside.

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“…The backward stimulation has been reported to delay intestinal transit in canines (12) and in rats (13). Whereas, forward IES reduced the mean transit time of liquids (14), accelerated intestinal transit slowed by fat-induced ileal brake (4) and accelerated the transit and fat absorption in a segment of the jejunum in anesthetized rats (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal electric stimulation accelerates whole gut transit and promotes fat excrement in conscious rats

Sun

Chen

2009

Int J Obes

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Introduction: Intestinal electric stimulation (IES) is proposed as a potential tool for the treatment of morbid obesity. Our earlier study showed that IES with one pair of electrodes accelerated intestinal transit and decreased fat absorption in a segment of the jejunum in anesthetized rats. The aims of this study were to assess the effects of IES on whole gut transit and fat absorption in conscious rats, to examine the effects of multi-pairs IES and to explore the cholinergic mechanism behind the effects of IES. Methods: Thirty-eight male rats implanted with serosal electrodes were randomized into five groups: control without IES, twoor three-pairs IES with short pulses, atropine and atropine plus IES. The whole gut transit and fat remained and emptied from the gut were analyzed after continuous 2-h IES. Results: Two-and three-pairs IES significantly accelerated phenol red (PR, marker used for transit) excretion (analysis of variance (ANOVA), Po0.001). No significant difference was found between two-and three-pairs IES. Two-pairs IES significantly increased the excretion of fat (Po0.05). Atropine significantly blocked the accelerated transit induced by IES (ANOVA, Po0.001). Correlation was found between the percentage of PR and fat retained in the whole gut (r ¼ 0.497, Po0.01). Conclusions: IES accelerates whole gut transit and promotes fat excrement in conscious rats, and these effects are mediated through the cholinergic nerves. These findings are in support of the concept that IES may be a promising treatment option for obesity.

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Enteric Transit and Absorption After Canine Ileostomy

Cited by 20 publications

References 31 publications

Central neuronal mechanisms of intestinal electrical stimulation: Effects on duodenum distention-responsive (DD-R) neurons in the VMH of rats

Central neuronal mechanisms of intestinal electrical stimulation: Effects on duodenum distention-responsive (DD-R) neurons in the VMH of rats

Mechanisms and Potential Applications of Intestinal Electrical Stimulation

Intestinal electric stimulation accelerates whole gut transit and promotes fat excrement in conscious rats

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