Enteric Viral Zoonoses: Counteracting Through One Health Approach

Abstract

Zoonotic viruses own a strong capability of transmission from animals to human or vice-versa, making them more resilient to quick modifications in their genetic sequences. This provides the advantage to adapt the new changes for better survival, increasing pathogenicity and even learning ability to jump species barriers. Usually, zoonotic viral infections involve more than one host which make them more serious threat to the surrounding inter-genus species. Zoonotic infection also helps in understanding the evolutionary course adopted by the causative virus. The virus sequence based phyloanalysis has given better methods for comparative evaluation of the viral genomes in the probability of transmissions and diversity. Several animal hosts have been identified as reservoirs and for their potential zoonotic transmission abilities. The early and accurate diagnosis of emerging and re-emerging zoonotic viruses becomes inevitable to restrict and to establish correlation with the spread of these viral infections in different milieus. For the in-depth understanding of the prevailing, emerging/ or re-emerging zoonotic enteric viral infections apposite surveillance programmes would be more meaningful in curbing the virus dispersal. There is a need to gather sound scientific information on these pathogens including their reservoir hosts, immunopathology, and genetic diversity. The implementation of relevant public health

Picobirnavirus Detection in Animals From Amazon Biome

“…Characteristics such as diet, ability to y, seasonal migration, behavioral patterns, a nity to live in colonies, and other, including this group as a great zoonotic potential host [50]. However, there was no positivity for this order (Chiroptera) in this study Birds, and chiropterans, are of great importance for public health and are considered as potential reservoirs of pathogens that cause zoonotic diseases and due to their ability to y, they can act in the dispersion of viruses and thus establish new foci of emerging diseases or reemerging along their paths [28,51].…”

“…Currently, several pathogens, including enteric viruses, which affect humans and the most varied species of animals have been registered as responsible for 60% of zoonotic infections in humans. Zoonoses are responsible for 75% of the emerging and reemerging diseases that affect humans and cause at least 20% of losses in animal production [17], where the wild environment has also been responsible for most zoonotic infections [28].…”

Prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of human enteric emerging viruses in porcine stool samples in the Republic of Korea

“…The NoV genus covers viruses that infect a variety of hosts such as humans, pigs, cattle, and mice, and this broad range of hosts provides the opportunity for its zoonotic spread (38). Among the various hosts, asymptomatic infected pigs are known as natural reservoirs of NoV.…”