Enteritis Due to "Related Vibrio" in Children

Abstract

A "related Vibrio" was found in numerous stool cultures from a 16-month-old boy with chronic diarrhea. An outbreak of acute diarrhea occurred in the nursery frequented by this boy; the same Vibrio was isolated in the stool cultures of all symptomatic cases. Using a new device, the related Vibrio has also been isolated in intestinal aspirates at different levels of the gastrointestinal tract in several cases.Slight changes were observed in the jejunal mucosa of the child with chronic diarrhea.Infecti on of cattle by Vibrio fetus is well documented. In man, the infection is infrequent: in a re¬ cent review of the literature,1 it was found recorded 79 times. A serologically distinct species, named "related Vibrio," was identified only in blood Fig 1.-Light microscopy of jejunal mu¬ cosa in reported case; slight shortening and broadening of villi but surface epithelium appears normal (original magnification x 150). cultures, first in four children with enteritis-and subsequently in five children and two adults with diar¬ rhea.'" The first isolation of the re¬ lated Vibrio in stool cultures of two adults was reported recently.7 Following the same technique, one of us (J. P. B.) systematically searched for the related Vibrio in stool cultures and found 58 new cases.8We report positive stool cultures for the related Vibrio in a child who had intermittent diarrhea for several months and in 15 cases from the same community presenting as acute diar¬ rhea. The same strain was isolated in gastric, jejunal, and ileal aspirates from some of them.A 16-month-old boy was admitted to our department with diarrhea which had be¬ gun when he entered a public nursery two months earlier. Family history is irrele¬ vant; the child was born normally and his birth weight w~s 2,750 gm. At the age of 12 months his height and weight corre¬ sponded to the third percentile for the local population.9At 16 months his height had followed the same percentile, but his weight remained unchanged. The child had no fever and did not vomit, but passed three to five yellow¬ ish, soft, bulky stools each day. Except for pallor and underweight, the physical ex¬ amination results were normal. Serum con¬ centration of sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatases, urea, creatinine, total protein, and paper electrophoresis of protein were all within normal limits, as well as total lipids, cholesterol, carotene, and immunoglobulins.The hemoglobin concentration of 10 gm/100 ml, red blood cell count of Downloaded From: http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/ by a Oakland University User on 06/05/2015

Serotyping of Campylobacter jejuni by slide agglutination based on heat-labile antigenic factors

“…Other studies (7,16) have shown that isolates from chickens, swine, sheep, dogs, and cows were identical serologically with strains isolated from human patients. Serogroups 14,15,and 22, presently found only among human isolates, are consistent with person-to-person spread reported by some workers (7,10,19). Recently, Blaser et al 5have brought additional evidence of person-toperson transmission of C. jejuni.…”

Acute diarrhoea: Campylobacter colitis and the role of rectal biopsy.

“…was believed to be limited to the small bowel (Skirrow, 1977) though detailed pathology is scanty. The literature contains two necropsy reports describing a haemorrhagic jejunitis (Wheeler and Borchers, 1961;Evans and Dadswell, 1967) and a description of minor changes in a jejunal biopsy (Cadranel et al, 1973). In the latter case, however, Giardia lamblia was also isolated.…”

Domestication ofCampylobacter jejuniNCTC 11168

“…Early in the 20 th century researchers investigating veterinary cases of foetal abortion and winter dysentery in cattle [7] described several species that would later become part of the Campylobacter genus, including Vibrio jejuni [8] , V. fetus [9] , V. fetus venerealis and V. fetus intestinalis [10]. Isolation techniques that permitted the growth of Campylobacter from human faeces drew attention to its importance as a human pathogen [11–13]. The genus name Campylobacter (meaning curved rod) was proposed by Sebald and Véron in 1963 and subsequently verified in 1973 with the broader acceptance of Campylobacter spp.…”