Enterococcus asini sp. nov. isolated from the caecum of donkeys (Equus asinus)

Vaux, A de; Laguerre, Gisèle; Diviès, Charles; Prévost, Hervé

doi:10.1099/00207713-48-2-383

Cited by 48 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…They are catalase negative, although some species produce pseudocatalase, and they are usually homofermentative, producing lactic acid (144,192,241). Motility differs among species; e.g., E. gallinarum and E. casseliflavus are motile, and E. asini and E. phoeniculicola are not (66,86,202). Pigmentation also differs among species; i.e., yellow-pigmented species include E. sulfureus, E. casseliflavus, and E. mundtii (66,218), and pigmented species are commonly found among plants (1).…”

Section: Enterococci and The Genus Enterococcusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterococci in the Environment

Byappanahalli

Nevers

Korajkic

et al. 2012

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

565

383

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SUMMARYEnterococci are common, commensal members of gut communities in mammals and birds, yet they are also opportunistic pathogens that cause millions of human and animal infections annually. Because they are shed in human and animal feces, are readily culturable, and predict human health risks from exposure to polluted recreational waters, they are used as surrogates for waterborne pathogens and as fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in research and in water quality testing throughout the world. Evidence from several decades of research demonstrates, however, that enterococci may be present in high densities in the absence of obvious fecal sources and that environmental reservoirs of these FIB are important sources and sinks, with the potential to impact water quality. This review focuses on the distribution and microbial ecology of enterococci in environmental (secondary) habitats, including the effect of environmental stressors; an outline of their known and apparent sources, sinks, and fluxes; and an overview of the use of enterococci as FIB. Finally, the significance of emerging methodologies, such as microbial source tracking (MST) and empirical predictive models, as tools in water quality monitoring is addressed. The mounting evidence for widespread extraenteric sources and reservoirs of enterococci demonstrates the versatility of the genusEnterococcusand argues for the necessity of a better understanding of their ecology in natural environments, as well as their roles as opportunistic pathogens and indicators of human pathogens.

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Section: Enterococci and The Genus Enterococcusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterococci in the Environment

Byappanahalli

Nevers

Korajkic

et al. 2012

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

565

383

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This situation continues to £uctuate from time to time as individual species are moved into other genera or new taxa are discovered. More recently, other species of enterococci have been proposed on the basis of chemotaxonomic studies and phylogenetic evidence provided by 16S rDNA sequencing [7,8]. It is highly probable that phylogenetic system of the genus Enterococcus has not yet been completely elucidated and that some re-classi¢cations may be necessary in the near future.…”

Section: Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterococci from foods

Giraffa¹

2002

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

175

207

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Enterococci have recently emerged as nosocomial pathogens. Their ubiquitous nature determines their frequent finding in foods as contaminants. In addition, the notable resistance of enterococci to adverse environmental conditions explains their ability to colonise different ecological niches and their spreading within the food chain through contaminated animals and foods. Enterococci can also contaminate finished products, such as fermented foods and, for this reason, their presence in many foods (such as cheeses and fermented sausages) can only be limited but not completely eliminated using traditional processing technologies. Enterococci are low grade pathogens but their intrinsic resistance to many antibiotics and their acquisition of resistance to the few antibiotics available for treatment in clinical therapy, such as the glycopeptides, have led to difficulties and a search for new drugs and therapeutic options. Enterococci can cause food intoxication through production of biogenic amines and can be a reservoir for worrisome opportunistic infections and for virulence traits. Clearly, there is no consensus on the acceptance of their presence in foodstuffs and their role as primary pathogens is still a question mark. In this review, the following topics will be covered: (i) emergence of the enterococci as human pathogens due to the presence of virulence factors such as the production of adhesins and aggregation substances, or the production of biogenic amines in fermented foods; (ii) their presence in foods; (iii) their involvement in food-borne illnesses; (iv) the presence, selection and spreading of antibiotic-resistant enterococci as opportunistic pathogens in foods, with particular emphasis on vancomycin-resistant enterococci. ß

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“…Formerly classi®ed as group D streptococci along with Streptococcus bovis, enterococci were transferred to a separate genus in the mid-1980s based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis [3]. There are currently 18 recognised enterococcal species: E. asini, E. avium, E. casseli¯avus, E. cecorum, E. columbae, E. dispar, E. durans, E. faecalis, E. faecium, E.¯avescens, E. gallinarium, E. hirae, E. malodoratus, E. mundtii, E. pseudoavium, E. raf®nosus, E. saccharolyticus and E. sulfureus [4,5], which can be divided into ®ve phenotypic groups based on acid formation from mannitol and sorbose and the hydrolysis of arginine [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase amongst enterococci

Roberts¹,

Homer²,

Tarelli³

et al. 2001

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Enterococci are becoming increasingly important nosocomial pathogens, a fact mainly attributed to their antimicrobial resistance pro®les. However, the enzymic activities required for these organisms to proliferate in vivo have received little attention. Enterococcus faecalis has been shown previously to produce an endo-â-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity which cleaves high mannose-type glycans in glycoproteins between the N-acetylglucosamine residues of the pentasaccharide core. This study investigated the distribution of this endoglycosidase activity amongst the other enterococcal species. Ribonuclease B, a high mannose-type glycoprotein, was used as a substrate and endoglycosidase activity was demonstrated by a combination of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-¯ight mass spectrometry and high pH anion-exchange chromatography. Endo-â-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity was present in 10 of the 18 enterococcal species isolated from both human and animal sources, including all E. faecalis strains. The most notable exception was the lack of this activity in all E. faecium isolates tested. All enterococcal species possessing endoglycosidase activity utilised the liberated glycans to support bacterial growth.

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Enterococcus asini sp. nov. isolated from the caecum of donkeys (Equus asinus)

Cited by 48 publications

References 26 publications

Enterococci in the Environment

Enterococci in the Environment

Enterococci from foods

Distribution of endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase amongst enterococci

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