Enterococcus spp. and S. aureus colonization in neutropenic febrile children with cancer

Abstract

Introduction Febrile neutropenia is one of the most serious treatment-related complications in cancer patients. Susceptible to rapidly progressing infections, which result in prolonged hospitalization and use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, neutropenic patients are subject to colonization by multiresistant agents, which enhances the risk of infections.Methods In this study we included samples collected with nasal, oropharyngeal and anal swabs from hospitalized children with febrile neutropenia following chemotherapy, between March 2014 and 2015, aiming to elucidate colonization by S. aureus and Enterococcus spp., as well as their resistance profile.Results S. aureus was found in 22% of the patients and 14% of the events. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus colonized 13.6% of patients. Including anal swabs in the screening increased the identification of colonized patients by 20%. Enterococcus spp. was found in 27% of patients and 17% of episodes.Enterococcal isolates resistant to vancomycin, accounting for 25% of the total, were not isolated in anal swabs at any time, with the oropharyngeal site being much more important. The rate of infection by Enterococcus spp. was 4.5% of all patients and 16% among the colonized patients. ConclusionEspecially in this population, colonization studies including more sites can yield a higher chance of positive results. Establishing the colonization profile in febrile neutropenic children following chemotherapy may help to institute an empirical antibiotic treatment aimed at antibiotic adequacy and lower induction of resistance, thereby decreasing the risk of an unfavorable clinical outcome.

Spatially Targeted Proteomics of the Host–Pathogen Interface during Staphylococcal Abscess Formation

“…During abscess formation, neutrophils are recruited to the site of infection in high numbers. − We identified the myeloid cell marker CD14 and neutrophil marker CD177 within the abscess and interface (Figure ). Coinciding with the neutrophil surface markers, multiple neutrophil-specific antimicrobial factors are also found in the abscess and interface regions including myeloperoxidase (Mpo), cathepsin G (Ctsg), and neutrophil elastase (Elane) (Figure ).…”

Bacteriological Spectrum and Antimicrobial Sensitivity of Pathogens in Children with Hematologic Malignancies and Febrile Neutropenia Research

“…However, after 72 hours, ESBL-producing Klebsiella, Proteus, and Enterococcus were also isolated, which can be attributed to nosocomial colonization. Similarly, CoNS were the most common colonized pathogens in an analysis of 121 nasal, oropharyngeal, and anal swabs taken from children with chemotherapy-related FN by Spinardi et al (15) The second common pathogen was Enterococcus, which may be due to rectal samples.…”

“…Colonization with antibiotic-resistant agents can be associated with the increased risk of infection in oncology patients (14). It has been shown that 5% -50% of pediatric oncologic patients who have been colonized will develop bacteremia (15). Colonization with resistant pathogens in oncology patients may indicate a change in the FN management protocol, including antibiotics' empiric administration (16).…”

Estudo Descritivo Dos Casos De Tuberculose Notificados Do Município Do Paulista, 2007- 2017

“…In the last two decades, Enterococcus sp. (Spinardi et al, 2017), and treatment difficulties due to their rapid resistance to commonly used antimicrobials such as aminoglycosides, aztreonam, cephalosporins, clindamycin and oxacillin (ANVISA,…”