Enteroendocrine cell counts correlate with visceral hypersensitivity in patients with diarrhoea‐predominant irritable bowel syndrome

Jh, Park; Rhee, PL; G, Kim; Jh, Lee; Yh, Kim; Jj, Kim; Rhee, Joong Eui; Sy, Song

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2006.00771.x

Cited by 79 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Additionally, colitis-prone T cell receptor-␣-deficient mice were demonstrated to have a decrease in the number of colonic EECs compared with age-and strain-matched controls (42), suggesting that EECs may possess homeostatic functions. Perhaps the most intriguing observation suggesting a role for bacterial interactions with EECs in human disease is the description of increased EEC cells following acute bacillary enteritis and in postdysenteric IBS (36,45,46).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteroendocrine cells express functional Toll-like receptors

Bogunovic¹,

Davé²,

Tilstra³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

194

141

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Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) provide a physical and immunological barrier against enteric microbial flora. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), through interactions with conserved microbial patterns, activate inflammatory gene expression in cells of the innate immune system. Previous studies of the expression and function of TLRs in IECs have reported varying results. Therefore, TLR expression was characterized in human and murine intestinal sections, and TLR function was tested in an IEC line. TLR1, TLR2, and TLR4 are coexpressed on a subpopulation of human and murine IECs that reside predominantly in the intestinal crypt and belong to the enteroendocrine lineage. An enteroendocrine cell (EEC) line demonstrated a similar expression pattern of TLRs as primary cells. The murine EEC line STC-1 was activated with specific TLR ligands: LPS or synthetic bacterial lipoprotein. In STC-1 cells stimulated with bacterial ligands, NF-κB and MAPK activation was demonstrated. Furthermore, the expression of TNF and macrophage inhibitory protein-2 were induced. Additionally, bacterial ligands induced the expression of the anti-inflammatory gene transforming growth factor-β. LPS triggered a calcium flux in STC-1 cells, resulting in a rapid increase in CCK secretion. Finally, conditioned media from STC-1 cells inhibited the production of nitric oxide and IL-12 p40 by activated macrophages. In conclusion, human and murine IECs that express TLRs belong to the enteroendocrine lineage. Using a murine EEC model, a broad range of functional effects of TLR activation was demonstrated. This study suggests a potential role for EECs in innate immune responses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteroendocrine cells express functional Toll-like receptors

Bogunovic¹,

Davé²,

Tilstra³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

194

141

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The role of mast cells (MC) has also been investigated in a number of studies (15,23,39,42,60) . In the gastrointestinal tract, as in other mucosal surfaces, MC are part of the allergic response to luminal antigens and of protective, innate immune responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Mesalazine and/or Saccharomyces Boulardii

Boiocchi

Almeida

Leite

et al. 2013

Arq. Gastroenterol.

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-Results -Compared to baseline, there were statistically significant reduction of symptom score after 30 th day therapy in all three groups: MG (P<0.0001); MSbG (P<0.0001) and in SbG (P = 0.003). There were statistically significant differences in the symptom score at 30 th day therapy of the MG, MSbG and SbG groups (P = 0.03). There were no statistical differences between MSbG and MG symptom score at 30th day therapy (P = 0.9). Conclusions -The use of mesalazine alone, Saccharomyces boulardii alone or combined treatment with mesalasine and Saccaromyces boulardii improved IBS-D symptoms. The improvement of the symptom score was greater with mesalazine alone or combined with Sb as compared with Sb treatment alone. These preliminary results suggest that mezalazine may be useful in treatment of IBS-d patients, and warrant further larger studies. HEADINGS -Irritable bowel syndrome. Diarrhea. Mesalamine. Saccharomyces boulardii.

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“…22,58,64,79,80 However, a similar number of studies has found that IBS patients have a normal lymphocyte density in different intestinal tissue segments. 58,64,67,72,75,80,87,88 Such discrepancies might result from the use of different lymphocyte markers and different quantification methods. It is interesting to note that Park and colleagues (2006) did not find any change in lymphocyte density in the ileum, jejunum, colon or rectum, 64, 89 but they used a semi-quantitative assessment of cell number (a score of 1-4), which likely explains their contrasting results.…”

Section: In Patients With All Clinical Subtypes Of Ibs (D-ibs C-ibsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article: associations between immune activation, intestinal permeability and the irritable bowel syndrome

Matricon

Méleine

Gelot

et al. 2012

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

187

180

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This uncommissioned review article was subject to full peer-review. SUMMARY BackgroundIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS), one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders, markedly impairing patients' quality of life. Drug development for IBS treatment has been hampered by the lack of understanding of IBS aetiology. In recent years, numerous data have emerged that suggest the involvement of immune activation in IBS, at least in a subset of patients. AimTo determine whether immune activation and intestinal permeabilisation are more frequently observed in IBS patients compared with healthy controls. MethodsThe scientific bibliography was searched using the following keywords: irritable bowel syndrome, inflammation, immune activation, permeabilisation, intestine, assay, histology and human. The retrieved studies, including blood, faecal and histological studies, were analysed to provide a comprehensive and structured overview of the available data including the type of assay, type of inflammatory marker investigated or intestinal segment studied. ResultsImmune activation was more frequently observed in IBS patients than in healthy controls. An increase in the number of mast cells and lymphocytes, an alteration in cytokine levels and intestinal permeabilisation were reported in IBS patients. No consistent changes in the numbers of B cells or enterochromaffin cells or in mucosal serotonin production were demonstrated. ConclusionsThe changes observed were modest and often heterogeneous among the studied population. Only appropriate interventions improving irritable bowel syndrome symptoms could highlight and confirm the role of immune activation in this pathophysiology.

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Enteroendocrine cell counts correlate with visceral hypersensitivity in patients with diarrhoea‐predominant irritable bowel syndrome

Cited by 79 publications

References 41 publications

Enteroendocrine cells express functional Toll-like receptors

Enteroendocrine cells express functional Toll-like receptors

Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Mesalazine and/or Saccharomyces Boulardii

Review article: associations between immune activation, intestinal permeability and the irritable bowel syndrome

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