Enterovirus and parechovirus infection in children: a brief overview

Crom, Stephanie C. M. de; Rossen, John W. A.; Furth, A. Marceline van; Obihara, C C

doi:10.1007/s00431-016-2725-7

Cited by 161 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…The qRT-PCR was shown as the best way to detect an EV or PeV, but still little is known about the prognosis of these viruses. 34,35 In the present study, it was of significance to describe the circulation of EV 37 In addition, S. pneumoniae could be found to colonize the nasopharynx during RSV A/B infection in young children, which was associated with increased severity. 38 In accordance, 82.6% of S. pneumoniae infections were coinfected with a respiratory virus in which RSV A/B was the most identified pathogen.…”

Section: Children With Rv and Rsvmentioning

confidence: 70%

Demographic and seasonal characteristics of respiratory pathogens in neonates and infants aged 0 to 12 months in the Central‐East region of Tunisia

Khalifa

Hannachi

Guerrero

et al. 2018

Journal of Medical Virology

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Background This study aimed to characterize the epidemiology of pathogenic respiratory agents in patients aged 0 to 12 months and hospitalized for acute respiratory infections in Tunisia between 2013 and 2014. Methods A total of 20 pathogens, including viruses, Mycoplasma pneumoniae , and Streptococcus pneumoniae , were detected using molecular sensitive assays, and their associations with the patient’s demographic data and season were analyzed. Results Viral infectious agents were found in 449 (87.2%) of 515 specimens. Dual and multiple infectious agents were detected in 31.4% and 18.6% of the samples, respectively. Viral infection was predominant in the pediatric environment (90.8%, P < 0.001), male patients (88.0%), and spring (93.8%). Rhinovirus was the most detected virus (51.8%) followed by respiratory syncytial virus A/B (34.4%), coronavirus group (18.5%), adenovirus (17.9%), and parainfluenza viruses 1‐4 (10.9%). Respiratory Syncytial virus A/B was significantly associated with gender (38.0% male cases vs 28.3% female cases, P = 0.02). Infections by Adenovirus , Bocavirus , and Metapneumovirus A/B increased with increasing age of patients (predominated cases aged 6‐12 months, P < 0.001). S. pneumoniae was detected in 30.9% of th tested samples. In 18.2% of the negative viral infections, only S. pneumoniae was identified. Conclusion A predominance of the rhinovirus infection was observed in this study. Coronavirus subtypes were described for the first time in Tunisia. The observed different pathogenic profiles across age groups could be helpful to avoid the misclassification of patients presenting with ARIs at the triage level when no standardized protocol is available. This study will provide clues for physicians informing decisions regarding preventive strategies and medication in Tunisia.

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Section: Children With Rv and Rsvmentioning

confidence: 70%

Demographic and seasonal characteristics of respiratory pathogens in neonates and infants aged 0 to 12 months in the Central‐East region of Tunisia

Khalifa

Hannachi

Guerrero

et al. 2018

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…27 In addition to the three rhinoviruses, four enterovirus species result in disease in humans, EV-A, EV-B, EV-C, and EV-D, while EV-E through EV-H, and EV-J affect non-human hosts. 28,29 Enteroviruses differ from rhinoviruses in that while rhinoviruses are limited to the respiratory airways, enteroviruses infect a wide range of cell types. They result in a large array of complications associated with the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and central nervous systems.…”

Section: Rhinoviruses and Enteroviruses (Picornaviridae Family)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleosides for the treatment of respiratory RNA virus infections

Jordan

Stevens

Deval

2018

Antivir Chem Chemother

127

105

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Influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, coronaviruses, and rhinoviruses are among the most common viruses causing mild seasonal colds. These RNA viruses can also cause lower respiratory tract infections leading to bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Young children, the elderly, and patients with compromised cardiac, pulmonary, or immune systems are at greatest risk for serious disease associated with these RNA virus respiratory infections. In addition, swine and avian influenza viruses, together with severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated and Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, represent significant pandemic threats to the general population. In this review, we describe the current medical need resulting from respiratory infections caused by RNA viruses, which justifies drug discovery efforts to identify new therapeutic agents. The RNA polymerase of respiratory viruses represents an attractive target for nucleoside and nucleotide analogs acting as inhibitors of RNA chain synthesis. Here, we present the molecular, biochemical, and structural fundamentals of the polymerase of the four major families of RNA respiratory viruses: Orthomyxoviridae, Pneumoviridae/Paramyxoviridae, Coronaviridae, and Picornaviridae. We summarize past and current efforts to develop nucleoside and nucleotide analogs as antiviral agents against respiratory virus infections. This includes molecules with very broad antiviral spectrum such as ribavirin and T-705 (favipiravir), and others targeting more specifically one or a few virus families. Recent advances in our understanding of the structure(s) and function(s) of respiratory virus polymerases will likely support the discovery and development of novel nucleoside analogs.

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“…There are at least 16 different human HPeV types, of which HPeV type 3 is the most common cause of clinical disease in humans [3]. The spectrum of disease (mainly for HPeV 3) can range from self-limiting mild gastroenteritis and respiratory infections to more severe neurological complications (acute flaccid paralysis, encephalitis) and myocarditis [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cluster of human parechovirus infections as the predominant cause of sepsis in neonates and infants, Leicester, United Kingdom, 8 May to 2 August 2016

et al. 2016

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We report an unusually high number of cases (n = 26) of parechovirus infections in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of neonates and infants admitted with sepsis in the United Kingdom during 8 May to 2 August 2016. Although such infections in neonates and infants are well-documented, parechovirus has not been routinely included in many in-house and commercial PCR assays for CSF testing. Clinicians should consider routine parechovirus testing in young children presenting with sepsis.

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Enterovirus and parechovirus infection in children: a brief overview

Cited by 161 publications

References 81 publications

Demographic and seasonal characteristics of respiratory pathogens in neonates and infants aged 0 to 12 months in the Central‐East region of Tunisia

Demographic and seasonal characteristics of respiratory pathogens in neonates and infants aged 0 to 12 months in the Central‐East region of Tunisia

Nucleosides for the treatment of respiratory RNA virus infections

Cluster of human parechovirus infections as the predominant cause of sepsis in neonates and infants, Leicester, United Kingdom, 8 May to 2 August 2016

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