Performances," and "Equestrian" entertainments. The evening was to conclude with another novelty, the "much-admired Grand Serio and Comic Pantomime" called "THE EGYPTIAN ORACLE; Or, HARLEQUIN CRIMINAL," featuring "a most splendid variety of Scenery, Machinery, Mechanical Changes, Scenic Transformations, Metamorphoses, &c. suited to the Customs and Manners of the Egyptians, contrasted with the Europeans of the present day." In other words, it was to be another typical night at Astley's.Sandwiched between these descriptions of military horses, death-defying feats of tumbling and spectacular machinery is information about the performance of a "comic song": "TIPPY JACK'S DESCRIPTION of DRIVING A GIG; or Young GILPIN'S Journey to Hyde Park Corner" to be sung by "Mr. JOHANNOT." The bold face typography used to advertise this song suggests that this vocal act was considered equally as compelling to contemporary audiences as any of the more exotic spectacles. To a twenty-first century observer, this seems puzzling. Why should a song attract the same attention as the antics of a troupe of trained monkeys or the acrobatics of a group of trick riders? How could the sound of one man singing possibly compete with the other visually stunning and action-packed spectacles featured that night? In the essay that follows, I consider further the example of that song and others like it that were performed night after night onstage of Astley's. 3 As a form of entertainment grouping together 3 For informative works on circus, see Paul Bouissac, Circus and Culture: A Semiotic