Entirely oligosaccharide-based supramolecular amphiphiles constructed via host–guest interactions as efficient drug delivery platforms

Abstract

Entirely oligosaccharide-based supramolecular amphiphiles were constructed via host-guest interactions between ferrocene-terminated acetylated-maltoheptaose (Fc-AcMH) and β-cyclodextrin-terminated four-arm star maltoheptaose (MH-β-CD). The amphiphiles could self-assemble to form spherical supramolecular nanoparticles to provide efficient drug delivery platforms. The combination of a pH-sensitive covalent acetal group and the oxidation-sensitive noncovalent host-guest interaction of β-CD and ferrocene provided the obtained fully oligosaccharide-based supramolecular amphiphiles. The structures of these amphiphiles could respond to the intracellular microenvironment.

Drug encapsulation and release with a nonionic amphiphilic calix[4]pyrrole

“…[5][6][7][8] This context has been used to create supramolecular amphiphiles for different types of guest moieties and extends to several macrocyclic receptor systems, including cyclodextrins, crown ethers, calixarenes, cucurbiturils, and pillararenes. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Although the amphiphilic systems constructed through the above macrocycles are generally used to encapsulate guest species by means of hostguest interactions based on neutral or cationic molecular recognition, encapsulations or complexations established by virtue of anion recognition in highly competitive solvent environments require rationally designed anion receptor systems.…”

Self-Assembling Cyclodextrin-Based Nanoparticles Enhance the Cellular Delivery of Hydrophobic Allicin

“…Furthermore, covalent conjugation between the nanocarrier and therapeutic agent can render the synthesis process complicated and inefficient . To crack this hard nut, supramolecular amphiphiles constructed by connecting polymeric segments through noncovalent bonds have received research interest because of their dynamic nature and flexibility in fabricating nanoparticles with different morphologies by adjusting the hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratio. − …”

Cross-Linked Reverse Vesicle as a General and Effective Vehicle for Hydrophobic Drugs

“…The covalent grafting of drug molecules onto polymer nanoparticles proved to be a good strategy to solve the challenge of drug loading capacity. , However, the covalent linking between the drug and the delivery vehicle imposes severe restrictions on the structures of both the drugs and the vehicles. Moreover, the occupancy of functional groups can sometimes decrease or even change the activity of the original drugs. , To partially solve this problem, weak intermolecular interactions such as electrostatic interaction, − hydrogen bonding, − π–π stacking, − host–guest interaction − were developed recently to replace covalent grafting. Although some of these strategies indeed achieved high drug loading, there remained also the strict requirements for the structures of the carriers and drugs.…”