Entomological evaluation of the risk of urban outbreak of yellow fever in 2008 in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Kone, A.B.; Konan, Y. L.; Coulibaly, Z.; Fofana, D.; Guindo‐Coulibaly, Négnorogo; Diallo, M.; Doannio, Julien Marie-Christian; Ekra, KD; Odehouri-Koudou, P.

doi:10.1684/mst.2013.0153

Cited by 10 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…aegypti -transmitted yellow fever outbreaks are historically well known in Côte d’Ivoire to have forced the transfer of the capital from Grand-Bassam to Abidjan in 1899 [15]. Since then, several unpredictable resurgences of yellow fever and dengue have been occurring in rural and urban areas causing many suspected, confirmed and fatal cases, and remain presently an unresolved major public health concern [7, 15, 34], with the current outbreak of dengue DENV-3 resulting in one confirmed and 17 suspected cases recorded in Abidjan in May 2017. Our study suggests that the unique removal of artificial containers that is a common practice in arbovirus control programs in Côte d’Ivoire might not effectively control diseases in the south-eastern part of the country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…vittatus in rural, and Ae . aegypti in urban areas [7, 8]. These outbreaks have often occurred in foci characterized by high rate of urbanization due to economic development supported by palm oil and rubber farming, trade, and traffic [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, more than a century later, yellow fever and dengue outbreaks still remain an unresolved public health issue [7, 8, 15]. During arbovirus epidemics, vector controls are mostly based on the systematic removal of artificial Aedes breeding sites in urban areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urbanization is a main driver for the larval ecology of Aedes mosquitoes in arbovirus-endemic settings in south-eastern Côte d'Ivoire

et al. 2017

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BackgroundFailure in detecting naturally occurring breeding sites of Aedes mosquitoes can bias the conclusions drawn from field studies, and hence, negatively affect intervention outcomes. We characterized the habitats of immature Aedes mosquitoes and explored species dynamics along a rural-to-urban gradient in a West Africa setting where yellow fever and dengue co-exist.MethodologyBetween January 2013 and October 2014, we collected immature Aedes mosquitoes in water containers in rural, suburban, and urban areas of south-eastern Côte d’Ivoire, using standardized sampling procedures. Immature mosquitoes were reared in the laboratory and adult specimens identified at species level.Principal findingsWe collected 6,159, 14,347, and 22,974 Aedes mosquitoes belonging to 17, 8, and 3 different species in rural, suburban, and urban environments, respectively. Ae. aegypti was the predominant species throughout, with a particularly high abundance in urban areas (99.374%). Eleven Aedes larval species not previously sampled in similar settings of Côte d’Ivoire were identified: Ae. albopictus, Ae. angustus, Ae. apicoargenteus, Ae. argenteopunctatus, Ae. haworthi, Ae. lilii, Ae. longipalpis, Ae. opok, Ae. palpalis, Ae. stokesi, and Ae. unilineatus. Aedes breeding site positivity was associated with study area, container type, shade, detritus, water turbidity, geographic location, season, and the presence of predators. We found proportionally more positive breeding sites in urban (2,136/3,374, 63.3%), compared to suburban (1,428/3,069, 46.5%) and rural areas (738/2,423, 30.5%). In the urban setting, the predominant breeding sites were industrial containers (e.g., tires and discarded containers). In suburban areas, containers made of traditional materials (e.g., clay pots) were most frequently encountered. In rural areas, natural containers (e.g., tree holes and bamboos) were common and represented 22.1% (163/738) of all Aedes-positive containers, hosting 18.7% of the Aedes fauna. The predatory mosquito species Culex tigripes was commonly sampled, while Toxorhynchites and Eretmapodites were mostly collected in rural areas.Conclusions/significanceIn Côte d’Ivoire, urbanization is associated with high abundance of Aedes larvae and a predominance of artificial containers as breeding sites, mostly colonized by Ae. aegypti in urban areas. Natural containers are still common in rural areas harboring several Aedes species and, therefore, limiting the impact of systematic removal of discarded containers on the control of arbovirus diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urbanization is a main driver for the larval ecology of Aedes mosquitoes in arbovirus-endemic settings in south-eastern Côte d'Ivoire

et al. 2017

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“…Ces résultats sont similaires à ceux de Tia et al (2016) qui ont montré la responsabilité des habitants dans la mise en place des conditions propices au développement et au maintien des moustiques via la création de leurs habitats larvaires. Aussi, la proximité des sites de développement des moustiques avec les habitations pourrait constituer un risque de santé et de nuisance pour les populations humaines environnantes tel qu'observés par Dambach et al (2009) au Burkina Faso, Koné et al (2013) et Tia et al (2016 (Grard et al, 2007 ;Sy et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Les différentes larves récoltées étaient ensuite triées et dénombrées par sous-famille (Anophelinae ou Culicinae). Ces larves et nymphes ont été élevées jusqu'à l'obtention des moustiques adultes (Koné et al, 2013 ;Tia et al, 2016). Ilsont été identifiés morphologiquement au niveau du genre (Anopheles, Culex, Aedes) sous une loupe binoculaire (Akono et al, 2017), à l'aide de la clé de détermination de Baldacchino et Paupy (2010) et le logiciel de détermination des Culicidae de l'ORSTOM.…”

Section: Prospection Et Identification Des Gîtes Larvairesunclassified

Distribution spatiale et saisonnière des gîtes larvaires des moustiques dans les espaces agricoles de la zone de Mouila, Gabon

Koumba¹,

Koumba²,

Nguema³

et al. 2018

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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Les moustiques sont des sources de nuisances et des vecteurs d'agents pathogènes pour l'homme et les animaux. La lutte contre ces insectes nécessite la connaissance de leurs lieux de développement. C'est dans ce contexte qu'une étude sur la connaissance de la distribution spatio-temporelle des gîtes des moustiques a été conduite à Mouila, au Sud-Ouest du Gabon, dans les zones d'exploitation de palmier à huile. Ainsi, des prospections des gîtes larvaires ont été effectuées en saison sèche et en saison pluvieuse et, les paramètres physico-chimiques de ces habitats ont été mesurés. Au total, 178 gîtes larvaires ont été identifiés et repartis en 47 contenants artificiels, 9 surfaces d'eau naturelles et 122 surfaces d'eau artificielles. Les surfaces d'eau artificielles ont été plus abondantes que les contenants artificiels et les surfaces d'eau naturelles. La majorité des gîtes larvaires se trouvait dans l'environnement immédiat des populations humaines (<400 m). Le maximum de gîtes larvaires a été obtenu en saison des pluies (68,54%) et le minimum en saison sèche (31,46%). Au total, 12136 larves de moustiques ont été récoltées dont 2926 étaient des larves d'Anopheles gambiae s.l. et 9210 étaient des larves de Culex sp et d'Aedes sp. Par ailleurs, sur 6329 imagos émergés, 5173 moustiques adultes ont été récoltés à la saison des pluies et 1 156 moustiques adultes à la saison sèche. Cette étude indique que les moustiques se développent dans tous les types de points d'eau mais préfèrent les surfaces d'eau artificielles. La pullulation de ces moustiques serait liée à la pluviométrie, à l'insalubrité de l'environnement immédiat et aux activités anthropiques créant des sites de reproduction des moustiques.

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Seasonal variation and intra urban heterogeneity of the entomological risk of transmission of dengue and yellow fever in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire

Guindo‐Coulibaly

Kpan

Adja

et al. 2022

Medical Vet Entomology

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Dengue and yellow fever are prevalent in Côte d'Ivoire and Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus), (Diptera: Culicidae), is known as the main vector. We aimed to assess seasonal variation and spatial heterogeneity in the transmission of both arbovirus diseases in Abidjan. Entomological surveys targeting larvae of A. aegypti, were carried out between November 2015 and August 2016 covering the four climatic seasons including a cohort of 100 houses randomly selected in three neighbourhoods. A. aegypti was the predominant species (96.6%) of mosquitoes resulting from the rearing of harvested larvae, and the only vector of dengue and yellow fever recorded during the study period. The highest proportion of water storage containers (45.5%) which represented the major breeding sites infested by the larvae of A. aegypti, was observed in Anoumabo. The house indices >5% and/or Breteau indices >20 recorded in each neighbourhood, during the different climatic seasons, indicated that there was, a high and permanent, heterogeneity in the transmission risk of dengue and yellow fever between the three neighbourhoods. In terms of transmission risk, Anoumabo was the neighbourhood with the highest risk compared to the two others, then, particular attention should be paid to this site in terms of surveillance by vector control programme in Abidjan.

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Entomological evaluation of the risk of urban outbreak of yellow fever in 2008 in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Urbanization is a main driver for the larval ecology of Aedes mosquitoes in arbovirus-endemic settings in south-eastern Côte d'Ivoire

Urbanization is a main driver for the larval ecology of Aedes mosquitoes in arbovirus-endemic settings in south-eastern Côte d'Ivoire

Distribution spatiale et saisonnière des gîtes larvaires des moustiques dans les espaces agricoles de la zone de Mouila, Gabon

Seasonal variation and intra urban heterogeneity of the entomological risk of transmission of dengue and yellow fever in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire

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