Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPN): Diversity in Indian Tropical Sugarcane Ecosystem and Its Biocontrol Potential Against White Grub Holotrichia serrata F. on Sugarcane

Sankaranarayanan, C.; Singaravelu, B.; Rajeshkumar, M.

doi:10.1007/s12355-018-0628-9

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Although the obtained LD 50 is high, it is nevertheless comparable to what has previously been obtained in other studies conducted on white grubs, further emphasising the high resistance of some white grubs to EPNs. For example, Sankaranarayanan et al (2019), in using 24-well plates to test different strains of H. indica on the third instars of the white grub, Holotrichia serrata F. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), obtained mean lethal dosage in the range 2015 IJs per grub to 7359 IJs per grub. However, Pokhrel et al (2018) obtained rather lower LD 50 after exposing second instar larvae of Chiloloba acuta (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to S. abbasi and S. siamkayai in 40 g of silt loam soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of white grubs from forestry and sugarcane plantations in South Africa to entomopathogenic nematodes

et al. 2023

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The control of white grub (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) pests of sugarcane and forest plantations is difficult due to their cryptic nature and resistance to chemicals. This study evaluated the potential use of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) as an alternative control method. Laboratory bioassays were performed with 12 locally isolated EPN species to determine the susceptibility of third instar larvae of the white grubs Schizonycha affinis Boheman, Pegylis sommeri Burmeister, Monochelus sp. and Maladera sp. 4. Concentration trials to determine lethal dosages for three of the white grub species were performed using Heterorhabditis zealandica Poinar MJ2C. Bioassays were performed to determine whether nematodes could develop inside the cadavers of S. affinis and P. sommeri as these had shown the lowest susceptibility to EPNs. The mortality percentage of the white grubs, although varying significantly, was found to be low for most of the EPN species, except H. zealandica. The highest percentage mortality of white grubs was observed at four weeks post inoculation with the rate of mortality being highest in the first week. Schizonycha affinis had the lowest LD50 of 38 Infective juveniles (IJs) per larva after 28 days, compared to Maladera sp. 4, with 284 IJs per larva, and P. sommeri, with 1035 IJs per larva. The dissection of insect cadavers revealed possible limiting factors for low susceptibility, due to the nematodes and their associated symbiotic bacteria’s inability to infect the insect haemocoel, with no EPNs being found inside some of the cadavers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of white grubs from forestry and sugarcane plantations in South Africa to entomopathogenic nematodes

et al. 2023

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“…Although entomopathogenic fungi are amenable to multiplication on low-cost media (Easwaramoorthy et al 2002) and effective in the field against H. serrata (Easwaramoorthy et al 2004), considerable incubation period (Srikanth et al 2011a) and variable field efficacy, despite long persistence (Srikanth et al 2010), limit their exclusive use. On the other hand, the rapid-action field-effective entomopathogenic nematodes (Sankaranarayanan et al 2019) suffer from the lack of a mass multiplication method for large-scale field application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory evaluation of a scarabid-specific isolate of Bacillus thuringiensis against white grub Holotrichia serrata

Srikanth,

Singaravelu,

Crickmore

et al. 2023

BioControl

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A scarabid-specific isolate (Bt 62) of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner was bioassayed against different instars of the white grub Holotrichia serrata F. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Carrot disc contamination method was followed since preliminary tests established carrot as a suitable food material vis-à-vis potato, sugarcane root and farmyard manure (FYM) for first instar grubs. In two replicated bioassays with first instar grubs, 10 mm diameter (D) carrot discs dispensed on one side with six doses viz., 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 μg of toxin per disc were fed to individual grubs and their mortality was recorded at 24 h intervals. In tests with second and third instar grubs, carrot discs of 30 mm dia. were similarly contaminated with 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150 and 175 μg of toxin per disc and fed to grubs. Percentage carrot disc area consumed was assessed visually to represent feeding rates and infer on feeding inhibition. In the two replicated trials against first instar, grubs suffered mortality 1 day after treatment (DAT) and mortality levels increased with days of exposure. Mean mortality rates at different doses were significantly higher than that in control and they increased with time reaching a peak on 3 rd DAT. In tests with second and third instar grubs, feeding inhibition manifested on 1 st DAT but inhibition rates decreased at a decreasing rate as feeding progressed. Mean feeding rates at different doses were significantly lower than that in control and they peaked on 4 th to 5 th DAT. The results of the laboratory tests and the prospects of Bt 62 in white grub control are discussed.

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Soil Organisms and Ecological Processes

Souza

2022

Soil Biology in Tropical Ecosystems

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Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPN): Diversity in Indian Tropical Sugarcane Ecosystem and Its Biocontrol Potential Against White Grub Holotrichia serrata F. on Sugarcane

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Susceptibility of white grubs from forestry and sugarcane plantations in South Africa to entomopathogenic nematodes

Susceptibility of white grubs from forestry and sugarcane plantations in South Africa to entomopathogenic nematodes

Laboratory evaluation of a scarabid-specific isolate of Bacillus thuringiensis against white grub Holotrichia serrata

Soil Organisms and Ecological Processes

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