Entrainment of the <i>Drosophila</i> clock by the visual system

Schlichting, Matthias

doi:10.1177/2633105520903708

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The visual system is essential for the regulation of circadian rhythmicity in mammals, since the endogenous clock constantly needs to be synchronized ( entrained ) by external stimuli (also called zeitgebers ), and light represents the most powerful of them 40 . Moreover, physical communications between the visual system and the circadian clock have been reported both in Drosophila melanogaster and mammals, with several photoreceptors targeting different subsets of clock neurons 40,41 . This close interplay is also reflected at the molecular level: several microRNAs have been shown to exert pleiotropic effects on both visual system and circadian behavior, in particular in D. melanogaster 42 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

miR-210 is essential to retinal homeostasis in fruit flies and mice

Colaianni,

Virga,

Tisi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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SummarymiR-210 is one of the most evolutionarily conserved microRNAs. Recent studies inDrosophila melanogasterhave unveiled that the absence of miR-210 leads to a progressive retinal degeneration characterized by the accumulation of lipid droplets and disruptions in lipid metabolism. Further investigation into lipid anabolism and catabolism revealed significant alterations in gene expression within these pathways. We provide the first morphological characterization of miR-210 KO mice retinas, highlighting a significant photoreceptor degeneration. While exploring potential parallels between miR-210 KO models in flies and mice, we examined mice lipid metabolism, circadian behaviour, and retinal transcriptome yet found no resemblances, suggesting divergent mechanisms of retinal degeneration between the two species. Simultaneously, analysis of the transcriptome in the brains of miR-210 KO flies revealed the potential existence of a shared upstream mechanism contributing to retinal degeneration in both fruit flies and mammals.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

miR-210 is essential to retinal homeostasis in fruit flies and mice

Colaianni,

Virga,

Tisi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Interestingly, and comparable to light-entrainment and direct effects of light on behavior, subsets of the clock neurons are used to integrate both modalities and to coordinate the appropriate behavior. While for temperature this involves the DN1p (see above and Lamaze and Stanewsky, 2019 ), the l-LNv have been shown to mediate both direct effects of light (e.g., arousal) and entrainment ( Rosato and Kyriacou, 2008 ; Schlichting, 2020 ). Interestingly, both light and temperature entrainment employ cell-autonomous mechanisms and peripheral sensory organs for proper synchronization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Sensory Organs Contribute to Temperature Synchronization of the Circadian Clock in Drosophila melanogaster

George

Stanewsky

2021

Front. Physiol.

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Circadian clocks are cell-autonomous endogenous oscillators, generated and maintained by self-sustained 24-h rhythms of clock gene expression. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, these daily rhythms of gene expression regulate the activity of approximately 150 clock neurons in the fly brain, which are responsible for driving the daily rest/activity cycles of these insects. Despite their endogenous character, circadian clocks communicate with the environment in order to synchronize their self-sustained molecular oscillations and neuronal activity rhythms (internal time) with the daily changes of light and temperature dictated by the Earth’s rotation around its axis (external time). Light and temperature changes are reliable time cues (Zeitgeber) used by many organisms to synchronize their circadian clock to the external time. In Drosophila, both light and temperature fluctuations robustly synchronize the circadian clock in the absence of the other Zeitgeber. The complex mechanisms for synchronization to the daily light–dark cycles are understood with impressive detail. In contrast, our knowledge about how the daily temperature fluctuations synchronize the fly clock is rather limited. Whereas light synchronization relies on peripheral and clock-cell autonomous photoreceptors, temperature input to the clock appears to rely mainly on sensory cells located in the peripheral nervous system of the fly. Recent studies suggest that sensory structures located in body and head appendages are able to detect temperature fluctuations and to signal this information to the brain clock. This review will summarize these studies and their implications about the mechanisms underlying temperature synchronization.

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“…At the cellular level, the master clock is located in ~150 neurons, which can be grouped into three major clusters: dorsal neurons (DN1-3), dorsal lateral neurons (LNds), small (s-LNvs) and large ventral lateral neurons (l-LNvs). Notably, a direct communication between the visual system and the circadian clock has been reported, with several photoreceptors targeting different subsets of clock neurons (Schlichting, 2020).…”

Section: Drosophila Melanogaster Circadian Clockmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of microRNAs in the Drosophila Melanogaster Visual System

Colaianni

Pittà

2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs (∼22 nucleotides in length) that negatively regulate protein-coding gene expression post-transcriptionally by targeting mRNAs and triggering either translational repression or RNA degradation. MiRNA genes represent approximately 1% of the genome of different species and it has been estimated that every miRNA can interact with an average of 200 mRNA transcripts, with peaks of 1,500 mRNA targets per miRNA molecule. As a result, miRNAs potentially play a fundamental role in several biological processes including development, metabolism, proliferation, and apoptotic cell death, both in physiological and pathological conditions. Since miRNAs were discovered, Drosophila melanogaster has been used as a model organism to shed light on their functions and their molecular mechanisms in the regulation of many biological and behavioral processes. In this review we focus on the roles of miRNAs in the fruit fly brain, at the level of the visual system that is composed by the compound eyes, each containing ∼800 independent unit eyes called ommatidia, and each ommatidium is composed of eight photoreceptor neurons that project into the optic lobes. We describe the roles of a set of miRNAs in the development and in the proper function of the optic lobes (bantam, miR-7, miR-8, miR-210) and of the compound eyes (bantam, miR-7, miR-9a, miR-210, miR-263a/b, miR-279/996), summarizing also the pleiotropic effects that some miRNAs exert on circadian behavior.

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Entrainment of the Drosophila clock by the visual system

Cited by 5 publications

References 64 publications

miR-210 is essential to retinal homeostasis in fruit flies and mice

miR-210 is essential to retinal homeostasis in fruit flies and mice

Peripheral Sensory Organs Contribute to Temperature Synchronization of the Circadian Clock in Drosophila melanogaster

The Role of microRNAs in the Drosophila Melanogaster Visual System

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