Entrepreneurship in the Cultural and Creative Industries: Insights from an Emergent Field

Abstract

This article reports the results of a systematic review of the current state of research on arts, cultural, and creative entrepreneurship. By means of a systematic database search, 50 scientific articles from peer-reviewed journals were identified and analyzed with regard to the interpretation of the terms and the primary objects and focal areas of current research. In conclusion, it can be stated that to date there is no consensual understanding of the terms. While some authors differentiate between entrepreneurs and other players in the cultural and creative industries, the majority of researchers makes no such distinction. Moreover, the specific objects of current research mainly fall into the two categories "groups of persons" and "sub-segments of the cultural and creative industries." And, finally, while there exists some considerable research on entrepreneurship in the music industry by now, less attention was paid to other sub-sectors of the cultural and creative industries. Hausmann and HeinzeEntrepreneurship in the Cultural and Creative Industries _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Artivate 5 (2) 8 scientific publications on arts, cultural, and creative entrepreneurship and analyze them with special regard to the interpretation of the respective term, the primary objects and focal areas of research in the following. The paper will be rounded off by a discussion of our findings, the main limitations of the study, and implications for future research. Methodology and DataTo answer the aforementioned research question, a database search by means of the Journal Articles Database (JADE) and the EBSCOhost® online reference system was conducted in March 2016. As a first step, the relevant databases were searched for the occurrence of the keywords "arts entrepreneurship," "arts entrepreneurs," "creative entrepreneurship," "creative entrepreneurs," "cultural entrepreneurship," "cultural entrepreneurs," and "culturepreneurs." In a second step, and in order to filter our search results three selection criteria were subsequently applied. First, our search results were limited to those articles using the keywords within title, abstract, and/or keywords. This was based on the idea that for a literature review that aims to clarify the terms "arts," "cultural," and "creative" entrepreneurship the articles examined should also include and discuss the respective terms. Second, to ensure the academic quality of the papers, only full-length papers from peer-reviewed journals were taken into consideration. Research notes, literature review studies, book reviews, and editor prefaces were excluded. Third, we also excluded papers when their overall quality was not strong enough. Once identified, each paper was carefully reviewed by both authors in order to determine its inclusion. Data collection was conducted thrice, and all sets...

Creative entrepreneurs' artistic creativity and entrepreneurial alertness: the guanxi network perspective

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Knowledge diffusion worldwide: Role of university–industry collaborations and beyond

“…Are the knowledge-diffusion dividends from university-industry collaborations greater than the dividends from creative outputs or from joint ventures? Whereas university-industry collaborations have received some research and policy attention, the focus on creative outputs and their contributions has been relatively less (Hausmann & Heinze, 2016).…”

“…There seems, however, a relative lack of formal research on the different dimensions of creative outputs (Hausmann & Heinze, 2016; see Lazzaro, 2021, for a recent review). A part of this may be due to the inability to quantify the different dimensions of creative productivity, especially as some creativity is not patentable.…”

Entrepreneurial navigation of the Australian screen industries: The case of Dr D Studios

“…The concept of creative entrepreneurship has seen considerable development in scholarly literature over the past two decades, however, there is no consensus on how the term should be defined (Chang and Wyszomirski, 2015; Hausmann and Heinze, 2016; Mazzoni and Lazzeretti, 2018). There is also considerable terminological ambiguity, with the concepts of creative entrepreneurship, cultural entrepreneurship, and arts entrepreneurship often grouped collectively in overviews of the literature but differentiated on variable grounds by different scholars.…”

“…In recognition of this, I have selected for this study an operative definition of creative entrepreneurship that stems specifically from art entrepreneurship literature rather than entrepreneurship in creative industries literature more broadly. Insofar as these two bodies can effectively be distinguished, the former is concerned with the ‘artistic fields’ of the creative industries, whereas the latter addresses all segments (Hausmann and Heinze, 2016).…”