Entropy generation minimization in bio-convective flow of nanofluid with activation energy and gyrotactic micro-organisms

Abstract

This article addresses the entropy generation in mixed convection magnetohydrodynamics Eyring–Powell nanofluid flow toward a permeable surface of a cylinder. The flow is modeled considering heat generation and chemical reaction aspects. The influence of buoyancy forces, magnetic field, and thermal radiation is also considered. Moreover, activation energy, viscous dissipation, and permeability effects on bio-nanofluid flow are assimilated in modeling of concentration and energy relations. Total entropy generation is modeled in view of the second thermodynamics law. The governing system of PDEs is deduced by incorporating boundary layer assumptions. Relevant transformations are used to reduce the dimensional flow model into a non-dimensional one. The built-in shooting technique and the NDSolve code in Mathematica software are used to handle the dimensionless flow expressions. Variation in velocity, temperature, concentration, motile micro-organisms, Bejan number, and entropy generation with respect to the involved parameters is scrutinized graphically. Surface drag force, heat transfer rate, mass transfer rate, and density number are further calculated and investigated. Important results are summarized at the end.

Analysis of Entropy Generation on Magnetohydrodynamic Flow with Mixed Convection through Porous Media

“…The second law of thermodynamics is used to analyze the entropy generation because it is utilized to measure the importance of irreversibility connected to the friction, heat transfer, and thermal system. Several studies have been done related to entropy generation by various authors [27][28][29][30][31]. Recently, entropy generation with micropolar fluid has become of great interest in the field of petroleum industries, heat transfer, and thermal design.…”

Heat Transfer Attributes of Gold–Silver–Blood Hybrid Nanomaterial Flow in an EMHD Peristaltic Channel with Activation Energy

“…NDSolve can solve both initial and boundary value problems iteratively. Nowadays, this technique is widely used by researchers [ 48 , 49 ].…”

Swimming of microbes in entropy optimized nano‐bioconvective flow of Prandtl–Erying fluid

“…Physically, the Bejan number (B e ) is termed as the ratio of entropy generation due to heat and mass transfer and total entropy. The dimensionless version of Bejan number (B e ) due to the ongoing flow problem is designated as 26,[28][29][30]…”

“…Therefore, the ongoing contribution's aim is to minimize entropy generation for improving the efficiency of the current nano-bioconvective systems by controlling assorted physical factors. Furthermore, for the current nano-bioconvective system, the irreversibility formulation is configured as per ref, 26,[29][30][31][32]…”