“…Asinowski et al [2] defined the excess of a perimeter cell as the number of adjacent occupied cell minus one, and the total perimeter excess of an animal Q, e P (Q), as the sum of excesses over all perimeter cells of Q. We extend this definition to border cells, and, in a similar manner, define the excess of a border cell as the number of adjacent empty cells minus one, and the border excess of Q, e B (Q), as the sum of excesses over all border cells of Q.…”