Enumeration of indigenous Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar Trifolii in soils previously treated with metal-contaminated sewage sludge

Chaudri, A. M.; McGrath, Steve P.; Giller, K.E.; Rietz, Egbert; Sauerbeck, Dieter

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(93)90128-x

Cited by 187 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…But in fact, many hyperaccumulators are slow in growth and inhibited in the presence of high concentration of heavy metals. On the other hand, the heavy metal contamination has great effects on the microbial communities in soils in several ways: (1) it may lead to a reduction of total microbial biomass (Brookes and McGrath, 1984;Fliessbach et al, 1994); (2) it decreases numbers of specific populations (Chaudri et al, 1993;Koomen et al, 1990); or (3) it makes shifts in the microbial community structure (Frostegård et al, 1993(Frostegård et al, , 1996Gray and Smith, 2005). Sandaa et al (1999) suggested that the presence of even small amounts of heavy metals caused a substantial reduction in the total bacterial diversity.…”

Section: Remediation Of Heavy Metals By Pgprmentioning

confidence: 99%

New advances in plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for bioremediation

Zhuang

Chen

Shim

et al. 2007

Environment International

521

197

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Section: Remediation Of Heavy Metals By Pgprmentioning

confidence: 99%

New advances in plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for bioremediation

Zhuang

Chen

Shim

et al. 2007

Environment International

521

197

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…However, a number of 13 authors later reported it to be affected even at relatively low soil concentrations (Chaudri et al, 1993;Giller et al, 1998) 14 In addition to the compartmentalisation of Cd, plant organs possess other mechanisms of detoxifying Cd, e.g., phytochelatin synthesis (Sanitá di Toppi and Gabbrielli, 1999). This may have also been operating in the nodules of the Cd-treated plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a number of authors later reported it to be affected even at relatively low soil concentrations (Chaudri et al, 1993;Giller et al, 1998). The value of N 2 fixation as a marker of soil heavy metal contamination -for which it has commonly been proposed (Brookes, 1995) -is therefore unsure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium in white lupin nodules: Impact on nitrogen and carbon metabolism

Sánchez-Pardo

Carpena

Zornoza

2013

Journal of Plant Physiology

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Esta es la versión de autor del artículo publicado en: This is an author produced version of a paper published in: The aims of this work were to investigate the microlocalisation of cadmium (Cd) in Lupinus albus L. cv. Multolupa nodules, and to determine its effects on carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Nodulated white lupin plants were grown in a growth chamber with or without Cd (150 µM). Energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis showed the walls of the outer nodule cortex cells to be the main area of Cd retention, helping to reduce the harmful effect Cd might have on the amount of N 2 fixed by the bacteroids. Sucrose synthase activity declined by 33% in the nodules of the Cd-treated plants, and smaller reductions were recorded in glutamine synthetase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline invertase and NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase activities. The Cd treatment also sharply reduced nodule concentrations of malate, succinate and citrate, while that of starch doubled, but that of sucrose experienced no significant change. In summary, the present results show that white lupins accumulate significant amounts of Cd in their root nodules. However, the activity of some enzymes involved in ammonium assimilation did decline, promoting a reduction in the plant N content. The downregulation of sucrose synthase limits the availability of carbon to the bacteroids, which might interfere with their respiration. Carbon metabolism therefore plays a primary role in the impaired function of the white lupin root nodule caused by Cd, while N metabolism appears to have a more secondary involvement. Other plants, most notably legumes, can also obtain N from atmospheric N 2 via the entry of the roots into an endosymbiotic association with nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Stougaard, 2000). This interaction gives rise to a new plant organ: the root nodule.These nodules provide optimal living conditions for nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which reduce N 2 to NH 4 + via the action of nitrogenase (Nase) (Temple et al., 1998). Once NH 4 + is formed it binds to glutamic acid (in the presence of ATP and via the action of glutamine synthetase [GS]), to form glutamine. Glutamine can then form two glutamic acid molecules in the presence of oxoglutarate and glutamate synthase (glutamine-2-oxoglutarate-amino-transferase; GOGAT). The glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthase (GS/GOGAT) system is of vital importance since the glutamine and glutamate produced act as N donors for the biosynthesis of major N-containing compounds such as amino acids, nucleotides and chlorophylls (Lea and Ireland, 1999). The symbiotic fixation of N 2 is dependent on the supply of carbohydrates by the host plant to the bacteroids in the root nodules. Photosynthates, predominantly sucrose, are translocated from the shoots to the root nodules, providing the bacteroids the energy and reductants required by Nase, and the carbon skeletons needed for the assimilation of NH 4 + . N 2 fixing bacteria-legume symbiosis is therefore based on the exchange of carbon and nitrogen between the ...

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“…This concerned the loss of several metals in Braunschweig between 1991 (Chaudri, McGrath, Giller, Rietz, & Sauerbeck, 1993) and 2003 (Stöven, Al-Assa, Rogasik, Krdatz, & Schnug, 2005). The case could not be analyzed because of a very complex history: an initial year with low amendment was followed by 10 years of extensive amendment, and after this the lots were turned into permanent pasture where the soil had strongly increasing organic matter content.…”

Section: Penetration Of Metals Following Unusually Large Amendmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metals Leak from Tilled Soil in a Century – A Review

Bengtsson¹

2015

JAS

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Toxic metals are mobilized on a large scale in modern society. Many of those metals end up in sewage sludge. The objective of this review was to elucidate the threat to groundwater due to a few metals lost from tilled sludge amended soils. It is sometimes suggested that these metals are immobilized in the topsoil and do not move downward. In contrast, dozens of long term field studies around the world indicate that penetration depths for metals increase with time since deposition.Such studies were examined in depth in the current analysis. An equation was developed for calculation of long term mean metal penetration rates into the topsoil for copper and silver. The equation is valid for about a century but not much longer. The mean depths of a basic set of 11 cases from studies over 4 years to 100 years were predicted with a standard deviation of 11%. A typical penetration rate was 3 mm per year. There was no significant difference in penetration rate between several cations. Extremely large amendments were associated with larger penetration rates.When metals have traversed the topsoil, the groundwater will be contaminated. The European Groundwater Pollution Directive stipulates that pesticide levels should be kept below 0.1 µg/l. When sludge is applied to agricultural soil, this level may by far be exceeded for many metals, even if strict limitations are applied to the metal contents of the sludge. This calls for careful assessment of the groundwater consequences of sludge amendment.Extensive supplementary material provides many detailed tables, texts and references.

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Enumeration of indigenous Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar Trifolii in soils previously treated with metal-contaminated sewage sludge

Cited by 187 publications

References 14 publications

New advances in plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for bioremediation

New advances in plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for bioremediation

Cadmium in white lupin nodules: Impact on nitrogen and carbon metabolism

Metals Leak from Tilled Soil in a Century – A Review

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