Enumeration of Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef, cattle carcass, hide and faecal samples using direct plating methods†

Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M.; Arthur, Terrance M.; Bosilevac, Joseph M.; Guerini, Michael N.; Kalchayanand, Norasak; Koohmaraie, M.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03405.x

Cited by 98 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The highest level of Salmonella observed was in one sample that had 40 CFU/g. Since the enumeration method relies on direct plating to a selective medium, the values obtained may be an underestimate, since injured cells may not grow robustly in this assay format (10).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enumeration of Salmonella was performed on all samples by adding 2 ml of phosphate-buffered saline with 1% (vol/vol) Tween 80 (Sigma) to each of the 5-ml aliquots collected from the 1:10 dilutions of ground beef in TSB. This dilution was then vortexed, and debris was allowed to settle for 5 to 10 min and then analyzed by hydrophobic grid membrane filtration (10). Each entire sample, less the sediment, was applied to an ISOGRID membrane (Neogen, Lansing, MI) filtered using a FiltaFlex spread filter apparatus (FiltaFlex, Ltd., Almont, Ontario, Canada), and the membrane was then placed on an XLD tnc agar plate (xylose lysine desoxycholate medium [ for black colonies, which were presumptively considered Salmonella.…”

Section: Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence and Characterization of Salmonellae in Commercial Ground Beef in the United States

Bosilevac

Guerini

Kalchayanand

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Commercially produced ground beef samples (n ‫؍‬ 4,136) were collected from seven regions of the United States over a 24-month period (July 2005 to June 2007) and analyzed for the presence of Salmonella enterica by using methods that concurrently provided total prevalence and enumerable levels. The overall prevalence of Salmonella strains was 4.2%. Enumeration showed that 94.2% were present at levels below 2 CFU/g. Regional monthly prevalences of Salmonella strains varied from 1.8% to 6.5% but were not statistically different (P > 0.05). All Salmonella isolates were serotyped and their antibiotic susceptibilities determined and analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The most common serotypes identified were Salmonella enterica serotypes Montevideo, Anatum, Muenster, and Mbandaka, with these accounting for one-half of the isolates obtained. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella was determined to be 0.6%. The most common MDR serotypes were Salmonella enterica serotypes Dublin, Reading, and Typhimurium. MDR strains had resistance to between 2 and 10 antibiotics. There were no regional differences in prevalence of MDR Salmonella. PFGE analysis revealed that indistinguishable XbaI and AvrII restriction digest patterns (RDPs) could be observed in isolates of the same serotype found in different regions and months of sampling. The RDPs of 19 Salmonella strains were compared to RDPs in the PulseNet USA database. Thirteen were indistinguishable from existing patterns, and the number of records for each ranged from 1 to 478. These data show that Salmonella prevalence in commercial ground beef is low and suggest that attempts to identify sources contributing to Salmonella in ground beef by serotype, antibiogram, and PFGE cannot be made without additional documented evidence.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Characterization of Salmonellae in Commercial Ground Beef in the United States

Bosilevac

Guerini

Kalchayanand

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…PCR of the Salmonella-specific portion of the invA gene was used to confirm the presence of Salmonella (52,53). The number of confirmed Salmonella was determined for each sample by multiplying the number of presumptive Salmonella colonies by the percentage of overnight cultures confirmed to contain Salmonella by invA PCR (9). The number of confirmed Salmonella was then reported as log CFU per 100 cm 2 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, Enumeration, Serotypes, and Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes of Salmonella enterica Isolates from Carcasses at Two Large United States Pork Processing Plants

Schmidt

Brichta-Harhay

Kalchayanand

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study was to characterize Salmonella enterica contamination on carcasses in two large U.S. commercial pork processing plants. The carcasses were sampled at three points, before scalding (prescald), after dehairing/polishing but before evisceration (preevisceration), and after chilling (chilled final). The overall prevalences of Salmonella on carcasses at these three sampling points, prescald, preevisceration, and after chilling, were 91.2%, 19.1%, and 3.7%, respectively. At one of the two plants, the prevalence of Salmonella was significantly higher (P < 0.01) for each of the carcass sampling points. The prevalences of carcasses with enumerable Salmonella at prescald, preevisceration, and after chilling were 37.7%, 4.8%, and 0.6%, respectively. A total of 294 prescald carcasses had Salmonella loads of >1.9 log CFU/100 cm 2 , but these carcasses were not equally distributed between the two plants, as 234 occurred at the plant with higher Salmonella prevalences. Forty-one serotypes were identified on prescald carcasses with Salmonella enterica serotypes Derby, Typhimurium, and Anatum predominating. S. enterica serotypes Typhimurium and London were the most common of the 24 serotypes isolated from preevisceration carcasses. The Salmonella serotypes Johannesburg and Typhimurium were the most frequently isolated serotypes of the 9 serotypes identified from chilled final carcasses. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined for selected isolates from each carcass sampling point. Multiple drug resistance (MDR), defined as resistance to three or more classes of antimicrobial agents, was identified for 71.2%, 47.8%, and 77.5% of the tested isolates from prescald, preevisceration, and chilled final carcasses, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the interventions used by pork processing plants greatly reduce the prevalence of Salmonella on carcasses, but MDR Salmonella was isolated from 3.2% of the final carcasses sampled.

show abstract

“…For microbial enumeration of the thighs, a sampling procedure similar to the one described by Brichta-Harhay et al (2007) for whole poultry carcasses was used. One leg from the rabbits (6 per cage) coming from the same cage (our experimental unit; 8 cages for each experimental group) was randomly taken at each sampling time.…”

Section: Microbial Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of plant extracts and essential oils as feed supplements on quality and microbial traits of rabbit meat

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of dietary supplementation with onion, cranberry and strawberry extracts and essentials oils on meat quality were analysed. Five groups of 48 Grimaud female weaned rabbits received the supplemented or the control ration; the experimental unit was a cage of 6 rabbits. Each experimental diet contained 10 ppm of added active ingredients. Rabbits were fed with the experimental diets for 4 wk before determining slaughter and carcass traits and determining the pH at 1 and 24 h post mortem (pHu) of the Longissimus dorsi (LD) and the Biceps femoris muscle, left and right, respectively. Cooking loss, drip loss and L*, a* and b* colour parameters were obtained for the right LD and for ground meat and antioxidant status (TBARS, DNPH, Folin Ciocalteu) was measured. Only the pHu of the LD muscle for the strawberry supplemented group was significantly lower when compared to the control group (P=0.04). However, we note that for the pH of the LD, the average was less than 6 for the meat of animals that received a diet enriched in polyphenols, compared to the control group. Plant extract supplementation did not influence meat quality traits, growth performance or oxidative stability. However, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, our results indicate that dietary supplementation with extracts rich in polyphenols, especially with essential oils, had a small but sporadic positive effect in reducing bacterial microflora compared to the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, plant extracts and essential oils can be used in a rabbit diet without adverse effects on performance and meat quality traits. This effect could be optimised by investigating higher doses.

show abstract

Enumeration of Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef, cattle carcass, hide and faecal samples using direct plating methods†

Cited by 98 publications

References 35 publications

Prevalence and Characterization of Salmonellae in Commercial Ground Beef in the United States

Prevalence and Characterization of Salmonellae in Commercial Ground Beef in the United States

Prevalence, Enumeration, Serotypes, and Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes of Salmonella enterica Isolates from Carcasses at Two Large United States Pork Processing Plants

Effects of plant extracts and essential oils as feed supplements on quality and microbial traits of rabbit meat

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About