Enumerations on phytochemical, pharmacological and ethnobotanical properties of Cassia fistula Linn: yellow shower

Abstract

Indian Laburnum or Yellow shower (Cassia fistula Linn.) of Fabaceae (caesalpiniaceae) is a semi-wild deciduous and ornamental tree with long and cylindrical fruits. It is a native of tropical Asia widely cultivated in South Africa, Mexico, East Africa and Brazil. Its species are native to the Indian subcontinent and adjacent regions of Southeast Asia. It is suppose to closely associate with the Mullai (forest) region of Sangam landscape. It ranges from southern Pakistan eastward throughout India to Myanmar Thailand and south Sri Lanka. The plant parts have medicinal uses and important for antimicrobial, anthelmintic and phytochemical aspects for its pod, leaves bark and seed extracts. Pharmacologically it is hypoglycaemic, anticancer, abortifacient, anticolic, antifertility, estrogenic, laxative, antimicrobial, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, smooth muscle stimulant, antiarthritic, antitussive, purgative, analgesic, antiviral, antimicrobial and hepatoprotective activity. It is known as rich source of tannins, flavonoids and glycosides. It is also used to cure burns, constipation, convulsions, diarrhea, dysuria and epilepsy. Ayurvedic medicines recognize it as carminative, laxative and to cure leprosy, skin diseases and syphilis. This article provides a comprehensive review on plant profile, morphology, traditional or ethnobotanical uses, phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of plant.

Bioactive Components of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Cassia Fistula Flowers

“…It has greenish grey bark, compound leaves and leaflets each of 6-13 cm long (Rahman et al, 2020). It has long cylindrical pendulous pods which are nearly straight, smooth and brown-black in color which bear ovate black seeds (Sharma, 2017). Its flowers contain tannins, anthraquinone, oxyanthraquinone, phlobaphenes, rhein, fistulic acid, oxyanthraquinone and volatile oils (Sharma et al, 2021).…”

RP-HPLC Method for Rhein Quantification in Cassia fistula L. (Fabaceae) Leaves

“…Multiple studies listed down the phytochemical constituents of the bark, leaves, and pods showing the presence of different anthraquinones, lupeol chrysophanol, and physcion, butyric and formic acids, pectins, tannin, B-sitosterol sennosides A and B, oxalic acid, lignans, and flavonoids. [6][7][8][9] The phytochemical screening of the leaves showed the presence of free rhein and its glycosides (sennosides A and B). 9 It also has anthraquinone, tannin, oxyanthraquinone, and volatile oils.…”