Envelope instability in DNA adenine methylase mutants of Salmonella enterica

Pucciarelli, M. Graciela; Prieto, Ana I.; Casadesús, Josep; Portillo, Francisco Garcı A-Del

doi:10.1099/00221287-148-4-1171

Cited by 78 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Bacterial strains were grown under conditions to induce SPI-1 gene expression, as described by Miki et al (2004). Bacterial culture supernatants and pellets were obtained to investigate secreted proteins and cell-associated proteins, respectively (Pucciarelli et al, 2002). Bacteria were grown in LB broth containing 0.3 M NaCl overnight at 37 uC without aeration (SPI-1-inducing conditions).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SipA, SopA, SopB, SopD and SopE2 effector proteins of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium are synthesized at late stages of infection in mice

et al. 2007

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SipA, SopA, SopB, SopD and SopE2 effector proteins of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium are synthesized at late stages of infection in mice

et al. 2007

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“…Another relevant defect of S. enterica Dam Ϫ mutants is envelope instability, with release of outer membrane vesicles (210) and leakage of proteins (89). Vesicle release has been tentatively associated with impaired binding of Tol and PAL (210) proteins to peptidoglycan (210).…”

Section: Bacterial Virulencementioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Gene Regulation in the Bacterial World

Casadesús

Low

2006

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

568

562

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SUMMARY Like many eukaryotes, bacteria make widespread use of postreplicative DNA methylation for the epigenetic control of DNA-protein interactions. Unlike eukaryotes, however, bacteria use DNA adenine methylation (rather than DNA cytosine methylation) as an epigenetic signal. DNA adenine methylation plays roles in the virulence of diverse pathogens of humans and livestock animals, including pathogenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Vibrio, Yersinia, Haemophilus, and Brucella. In Alphaproteobacteria, methylation of adenine at GANTC sites by the CcrM methylase regulates the cell cycle and couples gene transcription to DNA replication. In Gammaproteobacteria, adenine methylation at GATC sites by the Dam methylase provides signals for DNA replication, chromosome segregation, mismatch repair, packaging of bacteriophage genomes, transposase activity, and regulation of gene expression. Transcriptional repression by Dam methylation appears to be more common than transcriptional activation. Certain promoters are active only during the hemimethylation interval that follows DNA replication; repression is restored when the newly synthesized DNA strand is methylated. In the E. coli genome, however, methylation of specific GATC sites can be blocked by cognate DNA binding proteins. Blockage of GATC methylation beyond cell division permits transmission of DNA methylation patterns to daughter cells and can give rise to distinct epigenetic states, each propagated by a positive feedback loop. Switching between alternative DNA methylation patterns can split clonal bacterial populations into epigenetic lineages in a manner reminiscent of eukaryotic cell differentiation. Inheritance of self-propagating DNA methylation patterns governs phase variation in the E. coli pap operon, the agn43 gene, and other loci encoding virulence-related cell surface functions.

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“…The cells were further spun down, suspended in 0.4 M HEPES buffer, and kept at 4°C. These cells were further dehydrated, embedded in LR-White resin, sectioned, and contrasted as described previously (32). Samples were visualized at 80 kV in a JEOL1200EX electron microscope.…”

Section: Infection Of Eukaryotic Cell Lines and Determination Of Invamentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of ActA to Peptidoglycan Revealed by Cell Wall Proteomics of Intracellular Listeria monocytogenes

Portillo

Calvo

D'Orazio

et al. 2011

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive intracellular bacterial pathogen that colonizes the cytosol of eukaryotic cells. Recent transcriptomic studies have revealed that intracellular L. monocytogenes alter expression of genes encoding envelope components. However, no comparative global analysis of this cell wall remodeling process is yet known at the protein level. Here, we used high resolution mass spectrometry to define the cell wall proteome of L. monocytogenes growing inside epithelial cells. When compared with extracellular bacteria growing in a nutrient-rich medium, a major difference found in the proteome was the presence of the actin assembly-inducing protein ActA in peptidoglycan purified from intracellular bacteria. ActA was also identified in the peptidoglycan of extracellular bacteria growing in a chemically defined minimal medium. In this condition, ActA maintains its membrane anchoring domain and promotes efficient bacterial entry into nonphagocytic host cells. Unexpectedly, Internalin-A, which mediates entry of extracellular L. monocytogenes into eukaryotic cells, was identified at late infection times (6 h) as an abundant protein in the cell wall of intracellular bacteria. Other surface proteins covalently bound to the peptidoglycan, as Lmo0514 and Lmo2085, were detected exclusively in intracellular and extracellular bacteria, respectively. Altogether, these data provide the first insights into the changes occurring at the protein level in the L. monocytogenes cell wall as the pathogen transits from the extracellular environment to an intracytosolic lifestyle inside eukaryotic cells. Some of these changes include alterations in the relative amount and the mode of association of certain surface proteins.

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Envelope instability in DNA adenine methylase mutants of Salmonella enterica

Abstract: Mutants of

Cited by 78 publications

References 55 publications

SipA, SopA, SopB, SopD and SopE2 effector proteins of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium are synthesized at late stages of infection in mice

SipA, SopA, SopB, SopD and SopE2 effector proteins of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium are synthesized at late stages of infection in mice

Epigenetic Gene Regulation in the Bacterial World

Association of ActA to Peptidoglycan Revealed by Cell Wall Proteomics of Intracellular Listeria monocytogenes

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