Environment and health in Central and Eastern Europe

Hertzman, Clyde

doi:10.1596/0-8213-3173-6

Cited by 63 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The effect of N on the activity of Cr and Mo was suggested to be the determining factor for the precipitation of the · and » phases. 30) Cu addition retards the precipitation of the · phase due to the decrease of activity of Mo in HDSS. 31) However, Cu addition to the alloy facilitates the precipitation of deleterious Cr 2 N, and increases the high-temperature limit of precipitation of Cr 2 N by increasing the activity of Cr.…”

Section: Effect Of Solution Annealing Temperature On the Pitting Corrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Solution-Annealing Temperature on the Precipitation of Secondary Phases and the Associated Pitting Corrosion Resistance in Hyper Duplex Stainless Steel

Jeon

Kim

et al. 2013

Mater. Trans.

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The effects of the solution-annealing temperature on the precipitation of secondary phases and the associated pitting corrosion resistance in hyper duplex stainless steel after aging at 1123 K were investigated in a highly concentrated chloride solution. Increasing the solution annealing temperature from 1333 to 1413 K retarded the formation of the secondary phases owing to a decrease in both the number of preferential precipitation sites such as the ferrite/austenite interface and the activities of Cr, Mo and W. The slow rate of degradation of the pitting corrosion resistance of the alloy with the increase in the solution annealing temperature appears to be caused by the retardation of the precipitation of the sigma phase. Based on the results of the precipitation of secondary phases and electrochemical tests, the optimal solution annealing temperature was determined to be 1373 K.

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Section: Effect Of Solution Annealing Temperature On the Pitting Corrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Solution-Annealing Temperature on the Precipitation of Secondary Phases and the Associated Pitting Corrosion Resistance in Hyper Duplex Stainless Steel

Jeon

Kim

et al. 2013

Mater. Trans.

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“…In this view, the underestimation of the effects of cigarettes in Poland is due to disregarding the apparently significant effects of these modifying factors in the calculation. As reviewed recently by Hertzman (22), support for that hypothesis comes from international comparisons of the slopes of dose-response relationship between the average per capita cigarette consumption and cardiovascular and lung cancer mortality, which show large differences among countries and regions. Although the Eastern European countries were not included in these comparisons, the relatively low slope in Japan and high slope in the United States and Great Britain were interpreted by the author as implicating the existence of such modifying factors (23).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Social and environmental factors in lung cancer mortality in post-war Poland.

Brown

Goble

Kirschner

1995

Environ Health Perspect

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“…11 A root-cause exploration of why such a behavior pattern has arisen at this particular time leads to a number of other more complex contextual considerations: a long-standing cultural tendency to drink more heavily in times of stress, the disastrous economic events following the fall of the Iron Curtain, and the effects of fractured social relations in a society where widespread distrust of others developed during decades of authoritarian state policies. 12,13 All of these factors are considered to be "on the table" in the determinants-of-health approach to explaining this recent upsurge in mortality. We believe there is a parallel between explaining current mortality patterns in the former Soviet Bloc and seeking the diverse root causes of indigenous peoples' alcohol problems in North America.…”

Section: The "Determinants Of Health" Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical and cultural roots of drinking problems among American Indians

Frank¹,

Moore²,

Ames³

2000

Am J Public Health

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Roots of the epidemic of alcohol-related problems among many Native North Americans are sought in cultural responses to European arrival, the role of alcohol in frontier society, and colonial and postcolonial policies. Evidence from the historical record is considered within the framework of current social science. Initially, Native American's responses to alcohol were heavily influenced by the example of White frontiersmen, who drank immoderately and engaged in otherwise unacceptable behavior while drunk. Whites also deliberately pressed alcohol upon the natives because it was an immensely profitable trade good; in addition, alcohol was used as a tool of "diplomacy" in official dealings between authorities and natives. The authors argue that further research into the origins of modern indigenous people's problems with alcohol would benefit from an interdisciplinary "determinants of health" approach in which biological influences on alcohol problems are investigated in the context of the cultural, social, and economic forces that have shaped individual and group drinking patterns.

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Environment and health in Central and Eastern Europe

Cited by 63 publications

References 7 publications

Effects of Solution-Annealing Temperature on the Precipitation of Secondary Phases and the Associated Pitting Corrosion Resistance in Hyper Duplex Stainless Steel

Effects of Solution-Annealing Temperature on the Precipitation of Secondary Phases and the Associated Pitting Corrosion Resistance in Hyper Duplex Stainless Steel

Social and environmental factors in lung cancer mortality in post-war Poland.

Historical and cultural roots of drinking problems among American Indians

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