Environment influences sugarbeet tolerance to S-metolachlor

Abstract

Herbicides used in sugarbeet are commonly adapted from other row crops and may cause injury and yield loss often associated with environmental and edaphic factors. Glyphosate-resistant waterhemp in sugarbeet requires a PRE herbicide, such as S-metolachlor, for its control. The objectives of this research were to evaluate sugarbeet tolerance to PRE S-metolachlor, including air temperature and soil water content interactions with soil series in field and growth chamber experiments. Results from field experiments conducted in 12 environments in 2015, 2016, and 2017 indicated 2.16 or 4.32 kg ai ha−1S-metolachlor applied PRE reduced sugarbeet density and stature but did not reduce root yield, sucrose content, or recoverable sucrose compared with the untreated control in environments with soils with less than 3.5% organic matter (OM) and receiving greater than 40-mm cumulative rainfall within 14 d after planting. In the growth chamber, sugarbeet density and shoot fresh weight following S-metolachlor application was influenced by soil moisture content, air temperature, and soil series but not by S-metolachlor rate. Sugarbeet density and shoot fresh weight were reduced 15% and 106%, respectively, when S-metolachlor was applied to a Glyndon sandy loam (2.6% OM, 9.5% clay) at 100% field capacity (FC) and 14 C compared with S-metolachlor application to a Fargo silty clay (7.7% OM and 54% clay) at 100% FC and 21 C. It is concluded that field selection, rather than herbicide rate, is an important criterion for managing sugarbeet tolerance with S-metolachlor.

Hazelnut growth and weed control in response to selected preemergence herbicides

“…S-metolachlor at 2.16 to 4.32 kg ha -1 negatively affected sugar beet stand and growth while not influencing yield (Peters et al 2019). Sugar beet tolerance to S-metolachlor is variety-dependent (Bollman and Sprague 2008) and is reduced in soils with low clay and organic matter content (Lueck et al 2020). Hazelnut tolerates up to 4.16 kg ai ha -1 of S-metolachlor, showing little to no damage across cultivars tested.…”

“…S-metolachlor tolerance was studied in crops like sugar beets (Beta vulgaris L.), dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa (Weston) Duchesne ex Rozier ssp. ananassa) (Boyd and Reed 2016;Lueck et al 2020;Sikkema et al 2009). S-metolachlor reduced strawberry yield at 0.21 kg ha -1 , but only in selected, tested strawberry varieties (Boyd and Reed 2016).…”

Central Chirality and Axial Chirality Recognition of the Enantioselective Antibodies to Herbicide Metolachlor

“…14 It is also one of the herbicides with the largest production and usage amount in China. 15 Metolachlor can last in the environment for long time; the half-life can reach 51.8 days in soil during the winter season. 16 The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency classifies it as a potential carcinogenic substance.…”

“…Metolachlor, trade name Dual, is one of the top ten pesticides in the world’s sales and widely used in corn, peanut, soybean, cotton, and other crops to control grassy weeds and broad-leaved weeds . It is also one of the herbicides with the largest production and usage amount in China . Metolachlor can last in the environment for long time; the half-life can reach 51.8 days in soil during the winter season .…”