Environment‐Sensitive Fluorescent Turn‐On Probes Targeting Hydrophobic Ligand‐Binding Domains for Selective Protein Detection

Abstract

Bind and shine: An approach for the selective detection of both enzymes and non‐enzymatic proteins using an environment‐sensitive fluorescent turn‐on probe is described (see scheme). This approach targets the hydrophobic ligand‐binding domain of the target protein to trigger the fluorescence turn‐on and was shown to be specific for the targeted protein.

Activatable iRGD-based peptide monolith: Targeting, internalization, and fluorescence activation for precise tumor imaging

“…Typically, these probes are comprised of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) or self-quenching systems whose fluorescence can be turned on by cleavage or conformational change of the specific moiety in the probe. For tumor imaging, unusual tumor microenvironments, such as hypoxic condition, low pH, or a variety of overexpressed biomarkers, are employed to trigger the fluorescence activation [10-15]. Tumor-specific signals with no activation in off-target tissues can minimize the background noise, to yield a high contrast for tumor imaging.…”

A step toward simplified detection of serum albumin on SDS-PAGE using an environment-sensitive flavone sensor

“…21–24 In addition, these dyes either exhibit low selectivity 4a in responding to different proteins, or suffer from strong interference from SDS. 4b,4c The requirement and demand for improved staining can be clearly seen from SYPRO Ruby, which is widely used for staining the proteins in SDS-PAGE.…”

Selection of turning-on fluorogenic probe as protein-specific detector obtained via the 10BASEd-T

“…A major drawback of using Prodan is that it is designed to be excited by ultraviolet light sources, which often causes high background fluorescence when crude biological samples are used as analytes. To obtain a target-specific binder with low background fluorescence, here we evolved superior turning-on fluorophores, 4-N,N-dimethylamino-1,8-naphthalimide (4-DMN) [10], and 4-N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl-7-(2-aminoethylamino)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (DBD) [11] [12]; these turning-on probes can be excitable by visible light sources such as widely applicable 458 and 488 nm lasers (Table 1). …”