Environmental and economic foundations of system optimization of operational, technological and construction parameters of rice irrigation systems

Abstract

The paper substantiates the necessity to carry out system optimization of operational, technological and construction parameters of water regulation in the operation of rice irrigation systems, lays out methodological approaches and results. This research formulates approaches to the selection of project criteria and conditions of economic and environmental optimization during the construction of complex optimization models in the projects of their reconstruction and operation taking into account climatic management strategies of such objects. The proposed set of measures as a result of system optimization is focused on improving the natural and amelioration state of rice irrigation systems, improving their technological and technical parameters, introducing of water and resource saving regimes of rice irrigation and related rice crop rotations.

Formation of a Favorable Filtration Regime of Soils in Saline Areas of the Danube Delta Rice Irrigation Systems

“…This value accounts for up to 50% of the consumable portion of the water balance. In our analysis, which is grounded in both our findings and the outcomes of previous filtration studies (Turchenuk et al 2016(Turchenuk et al , 2017, we propose that, for the establishment of favorable water-air and salt regimes in the soils of the aeration zone during the rice growing season, the intensity of filtration should be moderately low and consistent across the irrigation check area. Moreover, the filtration process should be actively managed.…”

“…Field investigations conducted by our team and other researchers (Turchenuk et al 2016(Turchenuk et al , 2017 in the rice systems of the Danube Delta reveal specific characteristics in the flow of filtration streams on irrigation cards during the maintenance of the water layer. A zone of groundwater buckling is formed along the irrigation canals, and a stagnant zone develops in the center of the check.…”

“…In light of this, we can infer that during the rice growing season, the rate of vertical filtration in the upper soil layer within the entire rice check area should be maintained within the range of 10 to 12 mm/day (Turchenuk et al 2016(Turchenuk et al , 2017. However, achieving uniform drainage across the entire rice field under the current designs of rice cards and drainage parameters is deemed unattainable.…”

Improvement of Water and Energy Use on Rice Irrigation Systems

“…Окрім цього, необхідне безпосереднє врахування мінливих у часі та невизначених за своїм характером природно-кліматичних умов. Саме вони, разом з меліоративними чинниками, справляють визначальний вплив на загальний природно-меліоративний режим земель РЗС та створюваний відповідний еколого-економічний ефект (Rokochinskiy, Mendus & Turcheniuk, 2016;Turchenyuk, Frolenkova & Rokochinskiy, 2017).…”

“…Як показують практика і набутий досвід, вирішення такої складної проблеми для наявних РЗС, які по суті є також і еколого-економічними об'єктами (Turchenyuk, Frolenkova & Rokochinskiy, 2017), потребує застосування відповідних комплексних і системних рішень, насамперед щодо оптимізації природно-меліоративного режиму.…”