2006
DOI: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01865.x
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Environmental and Genetic Sources of Diversification in the Timing of Seed Germination: Implications for the Evolution of Bet Hedging

Abstract: Abstract. Environmental variation that is not predictably related to cues is expected to drive the evolution of bethedging strategies. The high variance observed in the timing of seed germination has led to it being the most cited diversification strategy in the theoretical bet-hedging literature. Despite this theoretical focus, virtually nothing is known about the mechanisms responsible for the generation of individual-level diversification. Here we report analyses of sources of variation in timing of germina… Show more

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Cited by 113 publications
(109 citation statements)
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“…Over both base populations, realized heritability for flowering time (median h 2  = 0.42) was greater than that for germination time (median h 2  = 0.27). Early life cycle traits typically have smaller heritability than those expressed at later stages (reviewed in Geber & Griffen, 2003 [ h 2  = 0.38 flowering time, h 2  = 0.11 germination time]; Simons & Johnston, 2006). Substantial maternal contributions early in the life cycle likely underlie this pattern (Galloway et al., 2009; Wilson & Réale, 2006).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Over both base populations, realized heritability for flowering time (median h 2  = 0.42) was greater than that for germination time (median h 2  = 0.27). Early life cycle traits typically have smaller heritability than those expressed at later stages (reviewed in Geber & Griffen, 2003 [ h 2  = 0.38 flowering time, h 2  = 0.11 germination time]; Simons & Johnston, 2006). Substantial maternal contributions early in the life cycle likely underlie this pattern (Galloway et al., 2009; Wilson & Réale, 2006).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Regardless, the requirement of high temperatures and light for germination (Wagner and Simons, 2009b), together with the platykurtic distribution of time to germination-seeds of these two populations were still germinating after over a month from imbibition (Fig. 2)-indicate that the populations from Svalbard and Colorado seem to have evolved a ''cautious'' (Schü tz, 2002) or diversified bet-hedging germination strategy (Simons and Johnston, 2006). It also confirms the observations of Amen (1966) and Dorne (1981) that germination generally decreases with increasing severity of the climate.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this study we analyze variation in norms of reaction of germination traits among natural populations of an arctic-alpine annual, using seeds produced in the laboratory under uniform conditions to eliminate environmental effects (Quinn and Colosi, 1977;Simons and Johnston, 2006). Loess smoothing techniques (Shipley and Hunt, 1996), were recently introduced for the characterization of complex norms of reaction (Simons and Wagner, 2007) and are used here for this purpose.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Review of the published literature indicates variation in seed germination requirements, with some studies documenting no seed dormancy (Determann and others 1997;Kirkman and others 1998;Helton and others 2000) and others indicating coldmoist stratification is required to achieve high germination rates (Brumback 1989;Johnson 1995;Obee 1995;Obee and Cartica 1997). Although variation in seed dormancy can be adaptive (Simons and Johnston 2006), the most recent US Fish and Wildlife Service review of this endangered species recommends cold-moist stratification to promote high seed germination rates as the best management practice (USFWS 2008).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%