Environmental and personal factors for osteoporosis or osteopenia from a large health check-up database: a retrospective cohort study in Taiwan

Chung, Ping-Chen; Chan, Ta‐Chien

doi:10.1186/s12889-022-13938-8

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…No statistically significant difference in BMD was detected in the different dietary groups, but the results have not been adjusted for other confounding variables, which were not evaluated, such as lifestyle habits, physical activity, use of supplements, state of microbiota ( 12 ). These factors can vary between groups and elicit a significant impact on the research outcomes, as was mentioned earlier ( 150 ). The cross-sectional design of the study could not provide a causal effect of diet on BMD and osteoporosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Bone mineral density parameters and related nutritional factors in vegans, lacto-ovo-vegetarians, and omnivores: a cross-sectional study

Galchenko,

Rizzo,

Sidorova

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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IntroductionThe growing prevalence of vegetarianism determines the need for comprehensive study of the impact of these diets on health and particularly on bone metabolism. We hypothesized that significant dietary differences between vegans, lacto-ovo-vegetarians, and omnivores also cause significant differences in their nutrient status, which may affect bone health.MethodsThe study assessed dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry parameters in lumbar spine and femoral neck, average nutrient intake, serum nutrient concentrations, serum PTH levels, and urinary pH among 46 vegans, 38 lacto-ovo-vegetarians, and 44 omnivores.ResultsThere were no differences in bone mineral density (BMD) between the groups. However, the parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were still higher in vegans compared to omnivores, despite the same prevalence of hyperparathyroidism in all groups. These findings may probably be explained by the fact that each group had its own “strengths and weaknesses.” Thus, vegans and, to a lesser extent, lacto-ovo-vegetarians consumed much more potassium, magnesium, copper, manganese, and vitamins B6, B9, and C. At the same time, the diet of omnivores contained more protein and vitamins D and B12. All the subjects consumed less vitamin D than recommended. More than half of vegans and omnivores had insufficiency or even deficiency of vitamin D in the blood. Low serum concentrations of manganese with its quite adequate intake are also noteworthy: its deficiency was observed in 57% of vegans, 79% of lacto-ovo-vegetarians, and 63% of omnivores.DiscussionCurrently, it is no longer possible to conclude that lacto-ovo-vegetarians have lower BMD than omnivores, as our research supported. Vegans in our study also did not demonstrate lower BMD values, only higher PTH blood concentrations, compared to omnivores, however, a large number of studies, including recent, show the opposite view. In this regard, further large-scale research is required. Vegans and lacto-ovo-vegetarians now have a variety of foods fortified with vitamins D and B12, as well as calcium. There is also a great diversity of ethically sourced dietary supplements. The found low concentrations of manganese require further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Bone mineral density parameters and related nutritional factors in vegans, lacto-ovo-vegetarians, and omnivores: a cross-sectional study

Galchenko,

Rizzo,

Sidorova

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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“…Our statistical models adjusted for urbanicity in examining the associations between PM 2.5 and osteoporotic fracture, given that the health conditions, lifestyle, exposure to pollutants, characteristics of particles, and other risk factors for bone health would differ between urban and rural areas. Using the rich information of the national cohort data, our models adjusted for time-variant variables of secondary causes of osteoporosis and the use of glucocorticoids in addition to various risk factors for osteoporosis or low bone mineral density (Chung and Chan 2022). Both ICD-10 disease codes and procedure codes were used to more adequately identify cases of osteoporotic fractures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and osteoporotic fracture risks in South Korea

Heo,

Byun,

Kim

et al. 2023

Environ. Res.: Health

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The prevalence of osteoporotic fracture is increasing globally due to rapid population growth and aging. Current evidence suggests adverse impacts of air pollution on bone mineral density loss and osteoporosis, but population-based evidence for the associations between fine particulate matter (particulate matter no larger than 2.5 µm in diameter [PM2.5]) and osteoporotic fracture is limited due to the small number of studies. This longitudinal study assessed the associations between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and osteoporotic fracture incidence in adults aged ≥40 years, who enrolled in the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort data in 2002–2019 in South Korea. A time-varying moving window of past exposures of PM2.5 up to ten past years was estimated for participants’ residential addresses using modeled PM2.5. We used Cox proportional hazard models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of time-variant moving concentrations of PM2.5 exposure and osteoporotic fracture. The Cox models calculated HRs for an interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5 exposure, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, health behaviors, medications, disease history, income, and urbanicity. We assessed 161,831 participants over 993,104 person-year of follow-up. Results suggested linear and positive exposure-response associations for past PM2.5 exposure in the prior four years or more. The IQR increase in 5-year moving average PM2.5 was significantly associated with increased osteoporotic risk (HR = 1.079, 95% CI: 1.001, 1.164). The HRs were significant in women (1.102, 95% CI: 1.011, 1.200) and the subset of women aged 50–74 years (1.105, 95% CI: 1.005, 1.214) but not in men overall or by age groups. The association was not significantly different by income, physical activities, urbanicity, or diet. Overall, long-term PM2.5 exposure was associated with increased osteoporotic fracture risks in Korean adults, especially women.

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“…These findings highlight the presence of genetic susceptibility to osteoporosis in patients with gout depending on sex [ 36 ]. Gout and osteoporosis appear to overlap for some risk factors, including increased age, postmenopausal women, comorbidities, smoking, low physical activity, alcohol drinking, hyperglycemia, and high triglyceride level [ 4 , 22 , 37 ]. This may confer to systemic metabolic shifts escorted by increased oxidative stress and unrelenting inflammatory states, making susceptible adults more prone to the leading mechanisms of gout and osteoporosis [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Association of Osteoporosis and Not Osteoporotic Fractures in Patients with Gout: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study

et al. 2022

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Health issues associated with gout and increased occurrence of osteoporosis or fractures have been raised; however, the results are elusive. Herein, we explored the possible link between gout and incident osteoporosis/osteoporotic fractures based on long-term follow-up nationwide data. This study enrolled 16,305 patients with gout and 65,220 controls who were matched by propensity score at a 1:4 ratio on the basis of sex, age, income, and residence from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort database (2002–2015). A Cox proportional hazard model was employed to identify the relevance between gout and incident osteoporosis/fractures, following adjustment for various covariates. In the follow-up period, osteoporosis developed in 761 individuals with gout and 2805 controls (incidence rates: 8.0 and 7.3/1000 person-years, respectively), and each osteoporotic fracture in the distal radius (2.8 vs. 2.7/1000 person-years), hip (1.3 vs. 1.3/1000 person-years), and spine (4.5 vs. 4.5/1000 person-years) occurred in gout and control groups, respectively. After adjustment, the gout group presented an 11% higher development of osteoporosis (95% confidence interval = 1.02–1.20) than the controls (p = 0.011). Subgroup analyses maintained the augment of incident osteoporosis in sufferers with gout, particularly in either men or <60 years. However, no such relevance was identified between gout and incident osteoporotic fractures at any site. In conclusion, gout may result in a slightly elevated likelihood of developing osteoporosis, and not osteoporotic fractures, in the Korean population.

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Environmental and personal factors for osteoporosis or osteopenia from a large health check-up database: a retrospective cohort study in Taiwan

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

Bone mineral density parameters and related nutritional factors in vegans, lacto-ovo-vegetarians, and omnivores: a cross-sectional study

Bone mineral density parameters and related nutritional factors in vegans, lacto-ovo-vegetarians, and omnivores: a cross-sectional study

Associations between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and osteoporotic fracture risks in South Korea

Potential Association of Osteoporosis and Not Osteoporotic Fractures in Patients with Gout: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study

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