Environmental and personal risk factors for toxocariasis in children with diagnosed disease in urban and rural areas of central Poland

Gawor, Jakub; Borecka, Anna; Zarnowska, H; Marczyńska, Magdalena; Dobosz, Sabina

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.05.016

Cited by 40 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, this is labour intensive and time consuming as large amounts of soil should be examined to accurately determine the frequency of T. canis eggs (Duwel, HELMINTHOLOGIA, 49, 3: 154 -158, 2012 Prevalence of Toxocara canis eggs in dog faeces from public places of Florence, Italy et al, 2008). Moreover, the environmental contamination with T. canis eggs in a given area can be related to the occurrence of human toxocariasis (Gawor et al, 2008). Thus the aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of T. canis eggs in dog faeces collected in public places of the town of Florence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Nonetheless, other sources of T. canis exposure may lead to zoonotic infections. For instance, rural environments and surroundings of houses may be as contaminated by faeces of infected dogs as urban areas, or even more (Habluetzel et al, 2003;Gawor et al, 2008). Direct contacts with dogs and poor hygiene measures such as failure to wash properly hands, kissing dogs, or allow them licking on the face may be risk behaviours since embryonated eggs are sticky and can adhere to the coat of dogs (Aydenizöz-Ozkayan et al, 2008).…”

Section: Seasonal Total Prevalencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The migration of T. canis larvae in humans results in three main syndromes: visceral larva migrans (VLM), which encompasses diseases associated with major organs; covert toxocariasis, which is a milder form of VLM; and ocular larva migrans (OLM), in which pathological effects on the host are restricted to the eye and the optic nerve (Despommier, 2003). Soil contamination of urban and suburban areas with high dog densities appears to be a particularly insidious, long term reservoir of T. canis infection to humans (Gawor et al, 2008). In order to estimate the potential zoonotic risk and implement prevention and control strategies, direct examination searching the eggs in soil samples is necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Toxocara canis eggs in dog faeces from public places of Florence, Italy

et al. 2012

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SummaryTo determine whether canine faecal contamination may represent a source of environmental contamination with Toxocara canis eggs within the urban area of Florence, a total number of 754 dog faeces were collected in 7 public places and examined by routine floatation technique during one-year period. The total prevalence of intestinal nematode eggs was 8.6 %. Trichuris vulpis (4.6 %) eggs were the most prevalent followed by T. canis (3.6 %) and Ancylostomidae (1.7 %) eggs. Mixed infections included T. canis/T. vulpis (0.7 %), Ancylostomidae/T. canis (0.4 %), and Ancylostomidae/T. vulpis (0.3 %). Total prevalence of intestinal nematode eggs was significantly higher in spring than in winter (OR = 2.06). Our results indicate a low prevalence of T. canis eggs suggesting that dog faeces left on soil are unlikely to cause high environmental contamination with T. canis eggs in the town of Florence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Seasonal Total Prevalencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Toxocara canis eggs in dog faeces from public places of Florence, Italy

et al. 2012

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“…outside their hosts coupled with high reproduction status, is responsible for significant contamination of soil with infective eggs. With increasing population of dogs and cats, soil contamination with eggs of Toxocara are detected in public and private locations of city backyards, playgrounds, streets, sand pits etc., regardless of the season of the year from various parts of the world (Gawor et al 2008;Jarosz et al 2010). The existence of viable Toxocara eggs in superficial layers of sand presents a potential public health hazard.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Toxocara eggs in contaminated soil from various public places of Chennai city and detailed correlation with literature

Thomas

Jeyathilakan

2012

J Parasit Dis

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Toxocarosis is one of the most prevalent human helminthosis caused by larvae of Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati, the most widely distributed nematode parasites of dogs and cats respectively. Soil is considered as the principal source of transmission of Toxocara infection to human beings. With increasing population of dogs and cats, soil contamination with ova or eggs of Toxocara can be detected in public and private locations of city backyards, playgrounds, streets, sand pits and so on, regardless of the season of the year. In this context the present study was carried out to estimate the extent of soil contamination with Toxocara eggs in public parks, playgrounds and few kennels situated in different parts of Chennai city. A total of 105 soil samples from 40 public places and 5 kennels were screened for the presence of parasitic eggs. Toxocara eggs were recovered from 5 soil samples indicating an overall prevalence rate of 4.75 %. Out of 80 samples collected from public places, three samples, one each from Mogappair, My lady park (Periamet) and Madras Veterinary College showed the presence of Toxocara spp. eggs indicating an overall prevalence of 3.75 per cent. Out of the 25 samples from 5 kennels, two samples one each from Tambaram and Thorappakkam kennels were positive for Toxocara eggs with prevalence of 8 per cent. Low prevalence of Toxocara eggs in soil samples of these areas can be attributed to the less population of pups, the carriers of adult worms and the active source of soil contamination. The progress made in ABC (animal birth control) programme carried out by both governmental and nongovernmental organizations has contributed to reduction of birth rate in dogs and thereby reduced the chances of soil contamination with Toxocara eggs to a certain extent in Chennai city.

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“…In a study conducted in [2003][2004][2005] in the Mazowieckie Province, a high rate of soil contamination with Toxocara eggs was revealed in yards surrounding houses of children with diagnosed toxocariasis. Despite the diagnosed disease, the children were not adequately supervised by their parents, and no measures taken to avoid further infection [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the risk of zoonotic geohelminth infections for rural household inhabitants in Central Poland

Gawor

Borecka

2017

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of soil transmitted zoonotic helminth infections for families with young children, inhabitants of villages in the Mazowieckie Province of Central Poland. Epidemiological survey was conducted at 33 randomly selected households with 2-3 children present. Examination of soil samples from yards surrounding the houses for the presence of geohelminth eggs was conducted, the households were inspected, and family members interviewed using a designed questionnaire. Among 55 localities examined, i.e. 33 backyards, 10 vegetable gardens and 12 sandpits, contamination was found in 2 backyards (6.1%) and 1 sandpit (8.3%) at 3 households (9.1%). Of the total 550 examined soil samples, 4 (0.7%) were found to contain Trichuris and Toxocara eggs, with an average density of 1.5 and 2.0 eggs per sample. The study showed a low level of soil contamination, which was the result of inhabitants care about the sanitation of their domiciles. However, the results of the questionnaire survey demonstrated the need to warn rural residents about the risk factors for zoonotic helmints infections. In particular, parents should be advised how to minimize the threat of parasitic diseases for children in the rural environment. The presented study showed that promotional campaigns implemented in recent years on the prevention of parasitic zoonoses have had little effect to increase the awareness of the rural community. The present results confirmed that Toxocara is the most common zoonotic agent among geohelminths in the rural environment.

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Environmental and personal risk factors for toxocariasis in children with diagnosed disease in urban and rural areas of central Poland

Cited by 40 publications

References 18 publications

Prevalence of Toxocara canis eggs in dog faeces from public places of Florence, Italy

Prevalence of Toxocara canis eggs in dog faeces from public places of Florence, Italy

Detection of Toxocara eggs in contaminated soil from various public places of Chennai city and detailed correlation with literature

Quantifying the risk of zoonotic geohelminth infections for rural household inhabitants in Central Poland

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