Environmental Application of Nanotechnology

Mansoori, G. Ali; Bastami, Tahereh Rohani; Ahmadpour, Ali; Es’haghi, Zarrin

doi:10.1142/9789812790248_0010

Cited by 92 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, TiO2 is preferred commonly as core material for noble metal shells (e.g., Ag and Au) owing to its improved photocatalytic and antimicrobial properties [13,14]. In order to have control over the final microstructure it is important to understand the formation mechanism of these complex nanoparticles, which is led by nucleation and growth.…”

Section: Motivation and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Formation Model of Ag/TiO2 and Au/TiO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized through Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis

Alkan

Rudolf

Bogovic

et al. 2017

Metals

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This article explains the mechanism of the metal/oxide core-shell Ag/TiO 2 and Au/TiO 2 nanoparticle formation via one-step ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) by establishing a new model. The general knowledge on the standard "droplet-to-particle" (DTP) mechanism, nucleation, and growth processes of noble metals, as well as physical and chemical properties of core and shell materials and experimental knowledge, were utilized with the purpose of the construction of this new model. This hypothesis was assessed on silver (Ag)/titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) and gold (Au) TiO 2 binary complex nanoparticles' experimental findings revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), focused ion beam (FIB), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and simulation of crystal lattices. It was seen that two mechanisms run as proposed in the new model. However, there were some variations in size, morphology, and distribution of Ag and Au through the TiO 2 core particle and these variations could be explained by the inherent physical and chemical property differences of Ag and Au.Keywords: ultrasonic spray pyrolysis; core shell nanostructure; formation mechanism; TiO 2 ; Ag; Au Motivation and BackgroundCore shell complex nanostructures comprised of binary systems have been the focus of great interest due to their high functionality [1,2]. Preserving the core material's properties and modifying the surface with another material multiplies properties and, owing to the core/shell interface, superior performance has been introduced to a system that cannot be achieved by a single constituent. In recent studies, it was seen that thin surface layers on fine particles affect various properties substantially, such as chemical and thermal stability [3], catalytic activity [4], optical, magnetic, and electrical properties [5][6][7][8].Among various combinations of materials that have been utilized as core-shell systems this study targets on inorganic-inorganic group of Ag/TiO 2 and Au/TiO 2 . TiO 2 is proposed as a core material due to its inertness, chemical stability, and non-toxic nature [9]. It is a crystalline material with three polymorphic phases; anatase (tetragonal), rutile (tetragonal), brookite (orthorhombic), with an order of enthalpy of formation as; ∆H f (rutile) < ∆H f (brookite) < ∆H f (anatase) [10,11]. Regarding the energetics of three polymorphs, rutile is the most stable phase, thermodynamically. However, these three compounds have a surface energy order as; Abstract: This article explains the mechanism of the metal/oxide core-shell Ag/TiO2 and Au/TiO2 nanoparticle formation via one-step ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) by establishing a new model. The general knowledge on the standard "droplet-to-particle" (DTP) mechanism, nucleation, and growth processes of noble metals, as well as physical and chemical properties of core and shell materials and experimental knowledge, were utilized with the purpose of the construction of this new model. This hypothesis was assessed on silver (Ag)/titanium oxide (TiO2)...

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Section: Motivation and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Formation Model of Ag/TiO2 and Au/TiO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized through Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis

Alkan

Rudolf

Bogovic

et al. 2017

Metals

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“…Some nanotechnology applications are nearly commercialized: nanosensors and nanoscale coatings to replace thicker, more wasteful polymer coating that prevent corrosion, nanosensors for dectection of aquatic toxins, nanoscale biopolymers for improved decontamination and recycling of heavy metals, nanostructured metals that break down hazardous organics at room temperature, smart particles for environmental monitoring and purification, and nanoparticles as novel photocatalyst for environmental cleanup (Khan et al, 2014;Das et al, 2015;Krug, 2009;Bhawana and Fulekar, 2012;Mehndiratta et al, 2013;Falahi and Abbasi, 2013;Chirag, 2015). It should be mentioned that due to the high variety of nanosystems techniques used for environmental treatment by several authors, so these are only summarized in the form of tables (Table 2) (Mansoori et al, 2008;Singh and Naveen, 2014) and we will focus in the next section on the nanotechnologies and applications in air pollution sector. Table 2.…”

Section: Nanotechnology In Environmental Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 2. Nanotechnological applications in different environmental areas (Source: Mansoori et al, 2008) …”

Section: Nanotechnology In Environmental Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology: Future of Environmental Air Pollution Control

Mohamed

2017

EMSD

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Environmental contamination is one of the important issues that the world is confronting today, and it is expanding with each passing year and leading to grave and harmful effect to the earth. At present, the air contains various pollutants like CO, chlorofluorocarbons, volatile organic compounds, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides. Water and soil are also contaminated with organic and inorganic compounds, the major sources for water and soil contamination are sewage water, industrial effluents, random use of pesticides, fertilizers, and oil spills. In parallel, the rapid growth of nanotechnology has gained a great deal of interest in the applications of nanomaterials potential in improved systems for monitoring and cleanup including all the three phases of environment . It can develop the pollutants sensing and detection and help in the improvement of novel remediation technologies. Nanomaterials are excellent adsorbents, catalysts and sensors due to their large specific surface areas and high reactivates. This review firstly sheds the light on the definition of nanoparticles, and the nanotechnology concept, the fundamental properties, classification, and fields of nanotechnology applications. Then it focuses broadly on the application of nanotechnology in environmental fields, in particular, its application in air pollution monitoring and remediation and its future trend in this field.

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“…When a molecule is placed in between two flat surfaces, i.e., in a slit-shaped pore, it interacts with both surfaces, and the potentials on the two surfaces overlap. The extent of the overlap depends on the pore size [19]. However, for cylindrical and spherical pores, the potentials are greater because more surface atoms interact with the adsorbed molecule [18].…”

Section: Electric Conductivity Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Pollutants from Water by Using Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs) and Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs)

et al. 2016

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Water crisis is one of the supreme challenges worldwide as clean water is the ultimate need for human civilization and all other life on earth. In the present study, continuous adsorption experiments were carried out in an adsorption column to survey the efficiency of the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for removal of pollutants from water/wastewater in terms of physicochemical parameters, such as electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) by using both single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Sample solutions were allowed to flow in down flow mode through the fixed-bed of CNTs. The CNTs column showed a reduction efficiency of electrical conductivity 80% from effluent treatment plant (ETP) treated water sample, 69.23% from raw effluent sample, and 53.33% from the synthetic salt water sample. Similarly, the efficiency of total dissolved solids reduction were 78.61% from raw effluent sample, 66.86% from ETP treated water sample and 62.02% from the synthetic salt water sample.COD also reduced 84.71% from raw effluent sample and 39.58% from the ETP treated water sample. In case of TOC, the column showed a reduction efficiency of 85.88% from the ETP treated water sample and 70.79% from the raw effluent sample. These findings suggested that CNTs present a great potential in removal of pollutants in terms of physicochemical parameters from water/wastewater.

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Environmental Application of Nanotechnology

Cited by 92 publications

References 0 publications

Structure and Formation Model of Ag/TiO2 and Au/TiO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized through Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis

Structure and Formation Model of Ag/TiO2 and Au/TiO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized through Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis

Nanotechnology: Future of Environmental Air Pollution Control

Removal of Pollutants from Water by Using Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs) and Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs)

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