Environmental assessment by dynamic full-field synergy model in co-combustion of coal and sludge with high water content

Emission and Distribution Behavior of Toxic Elements during the Cocombustion of Coal with Biomass

“…Increasing concerns have been directed at the emissions of toxic elements (TEs) from coal combustion because of their toxicity. TEs exist in both organic and inorganic matrix, mostly associated with inorganic minerals. , In a high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere, volatized TEs are released and associate with the particulate matter with the decomposition of the host matrix, finally leading to significant environmental implications. − The adverse effects including inflammation, immunological and lung injury, and even cancer result from the numerous emissions of TEs. , There have been numerous studies on the emission of TEs which have indicated that the conversion behavior of TEs is influenced by various parameters, i.e., physicochemical property of the feedstock, volatility and association of the TE in the feedstock, solid/gas reaction in the firing system, and burning conditions. − Among them, the nature of the TE in the feedstock and solid/gas interaction may be considered to be the main inherent mechanisms. , Experimental evidence indicates that the interactions between TEs and major elements (Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Na, and K) in ash play significant roles in the partitioning of the TEs during the combustion. , The positive relation between the reduction of gaseous TEs and alkali (earth) metals (Ca, Mg, Na, and K) was reported in our previous studies. − The physical and chemical compositions are varied among different biomass types . There is no doubt that the redistribution and association characteristics of the TEs are varied during the cocombustion of coal with different biomass types .…”

“…11−15 The adverse effects including inflammation, immunological and lung injury, and even cancer result from the numerous emissions of TEs. 16,17 There have been numerous studies on the emission of TEs which have indicated that the conversion behavior of TEs is influenced by various parameters, i.e., physicochemical property of the feedstock, volatility and association of the TE in the feedstock, solid/gas reaction in the firing system, and burning conditions. 18−26 Among them, the nature of the TE in the feedstock and solid/ gas interaction may be considered to be the main inherent mechanisms.…”