Environmental Clastogens Detected by Meiotic Pollen Mother Cells of Tradescantia

Ma, Te­-Hsiu; Anderson, Van A.; Ahmed, Iftikharuddin

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-3455-2_12

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Results of studies with extracts indicate that plants possess reductases, which are required to activate these compounds [83,84]. The positive results obtained with groundwater samples containing nitro compounds derived from explosives (Majer et al, in preparation) as well as the high sensitivity of Tradescantia bioassays towards diesel emissions support this assumption [85].…”

Section: Detection Of Genotoxic Carcinogens In the Aquatic Environmentmentioning

confidence: 91%

Use of Plant Bioassays for the Detection of Genotoxins in the Aquatic Environment

Majer

Grummt²,

Uhl

et al. 2005

Acta hydrochim. hydrobiol.

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The present article describes the use of plant bioassays for the detection of genotoxins in the aquatic environment and gives an overview of test methods, their detection spectrum for environmental mutagens and carcinogens and their limitations and pitfalls. The most widely used test systems are micronucleus assays with meiotic cells of Tradescantia and with meristematic root tip cells of Allium and Vicia. In the last years, protocols for single cell gel electrophoresis assays have been developed, which can be conducted with a variety of species. Also various gene mutation test procedures have been developed with plants but they have hardly ever been used in environmental studies. Plants detect a broad variety of environmentally relevant genotoxins, in particular directly acting compounds. Many pesticides and industrial chemicals caused positive results; plant assays are also a unique tool for the detection of DNA‐reactive carcinogenic heavy metals in the environment. In many studies with complex mixtures, positive results were obtained which indicates that plants are sufficiently sensitive to detect effects without concentration of water samples. One of the shortcomings of the use of plants as indicators is their lack of sensitivity towards certain classes of promutagens such as nitrosamines, heterocyclic amines, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, the former compounds are hardly encountered in the environment and PAHs can easily be detected chemically and in other mutagenicity tests. Taken together, the currently available data show that plant bioassays are a useful component of test batteries for environmental monitoring.

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Section: Detection Of Genotoxic Carcinogens In the Aquatic Environmentmentioning

confidence: 91%

Use of Plant Bioassays for the Detection of Genotoxins in the Aquatic Environment

Majer

Grummt²,

Uhl

et al. 2005

Acta hydrochim. hydrobiol.

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“…In many cases such environmental conditions cannot be exactly duplicated under laboratory conditions. This would be the case around industrial sites where several chemicals and complex mixtures are present in the atmosphere and mutagenic agents may be suspected (Schairer et al 1978a,b;Ma et al 1982a). Schairer and colleagues (Schairer et al 1978a,b;Schairer et al 1979) have spent considerable time in using a mobile monitoring vehicle for testing ambient air around industrial sites using the Tradescantia staminal hair bioassay.…”

Section: Tradescantia As a Sentinel For Airborne Environmental Mutagensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher Plant Assays for the Detection of Genotoxicity in Air Polluted Environments

Grant

1998

Ecosystem Health

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Since the beginning of time pollution has been created by human activities. However, the intensity and the severity of the different kinds of pollution have emerged only in the last few decades and many intricate facets have been revealed. It is gradually being recognized that our health and the ecosystem are being severely affected by environmental chemicals that enter the atmosphere. Plants comprise a large portion of our biosphere and constitute a vital link in the food chain. In this review, types of mutagenic chemicals found both indoor and outdoor are given and several higher plant bioassays for screening and monitoring environmental mutagens are discussed. One plant ideal for monitoring and testing for air pollution is Tradescantia. This species has been used to test for mutagenicity of radioisotope‐contaminated air following the Chernobyl nuclear accident and monitoring around nuclear power plants. One of the greatest contributions of plant bioassays will be their continued use for ambient air monitoring and testing for genotoxicity which can be carried out on a global scale.

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“…Thus, characterising the mutagenic properties of the effluent is crucial to complement the chemical and biological analyses and provide evidences of possible genotoxic agents. The detection of the genotoxic activities of such agents may be determined through the test of mutation in Tradescantiaa simple low cost procedure that could provide the results in approximately 15 days -being employed for the in situ or in laboratory monitoring (Ma et al 1982;Alverez-Moya et al 2001). The present study aimed at the assessment of genotoxicity of raw wastes and effluents of a treatment system of swine wastes in clones of Tradescantia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity of swine effluents

Techio

Stolberg

Kunz³

et al. 2011

Water Science and Technology

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This study aimed at the investigation of genotoxic effects of swine effluents from different stages of a treatment system for swine wastes through bioassay of stamen hairs and micronuclei in Tradescantia (clone BNL 4430). No significant differences (p≥0.05) regarding the genic mutations were found in the bioassay of stamen hairs, independently of the effluent analysed. For the genotoxicity test with micronuclei, the plants exposed to raw wastes, to sludge, and to effluent of the biodigester have presented higher rates of chromosomal damages (micronuclei), with significant differences in relation to the control group and other effluent of the waste treatment system (p≤0.05). The association between the chemical parameters and the genotoxicity data have shown that the variables COD and TKN have presented significant correlation (p≤0.05) with the number of mutagenic events in the tetrads.

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Environmental Clastogens Detected by Meiotic Pollen Mother Cells of Tradescantia

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Use of Plant Bioassays for the Detection of Genotoxins in the Aquatic Environment

Use of Plant Bioassays for the Detection of Genotoxins in the Aquatic Environment

Higher Plant Assays for the Detection of Genotoxicity in Air Polluted Environments

Genotoxicity of swine effluents

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