Environmental contamination by soil-transmitted helminths ova and subsequent infection in school-age children in Calabar, Nigeria

Enogiomwan, Imalele Edema; Offiong, Effanga Emmanuel; Ukam, Usang Anok

doi:10.1016/j.sciaf.2023.e01580

Cited by 3 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The prevalence of Trichuris trichiura was high among the age 1-5 years (4.8%), followed by 6-10 years (2.7%) and then 11-15 years (1.8%) with an overall significant p-value of 0.973 (p>0.05). Prevalence of parasites types was in the order Ascaris lumbricoides>Hookworm>Trichuris trichiura across all age groups and all sexes this is slightly different from the results reported by Imalele et al 14 in 2023 and Pasaribu et al 18 in 2019 in Calabar Nigeria and Sumatera, Indonesia respectively with the prevalence of parasites types in the order Ascaris lumbricoides>Trichuris trichiura>Hookworm. This could be a result of a low level of hygiene in the study area and the uncontrolled habit of walking or playing barefoot on contaminated soil in the study area.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 80%

“…The Eastern part of Nigeria had a greater frequency of STHs (90.67%). In 2023 Imalele et al 14 reported a slightly lower prevalence of 54.4% in Calabar, the Southern part of Nigeria. In Ethiopia, Chelkeba et al 15 reported a decreased frequency of STH in preschool children (33%) in 2022 and the findings of this study are greater than those of Ethiopian studies published in 2014, which found a prevalence of STH infection in preschool children of 23.3%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…As a result, little or no mass Drug administration, in addition to the yearly mass treatment of endemic communities with albendazole/mebendazole, as recommended by the WHO, an integrated approach to STH control in the research region will be required. This strategy will include improved personal cleanliness and environmental sanitation, as well as health education 14,20,[22][23][24] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis among Children Attending General Hospital Kankara, an Insecurity-Plagued Community in Northwestern Nigeria

Sada,

Everest,

Auta

2023

Res. J. Parasitol

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Background and Objective: Soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STHs) is one of the major Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) endemic among the poor regions of the world. This study surveyed STHs among children attending General Hospital Kankara, one of the insecurity-plagued areas within Katsina State. This study aimed at using the formal ether technique to assess the prevalence of STHs among children of different ages (1-15 years), sexes and settlements in Kankara General Hospital. Materials and Methods: Stool samples of 314 were collected using sterile universal bottles among children between 1-15 years attending General Hospital Kankara. The formal-ether technique was used for the processing and examination of stool samples. Data on age, sex and settlement were collected and the Chi-square Test was used in analysing the data. Results: Out of 314 children, 179 (57%) were infected with one or more STHs. Sex-related prevalence of STHs cut across the two sexes, with a higher prevalence among males (58.6%). Prevalence was higher among the 1-5-year age group (60.3%) and least among the 11-15 years (51.8%) age group. Those children from neighbouring villages had a higher infection rate (62.5%) than the ones from Kankara Town (49.2%). Prevalence of parasite types was in the order Ascaris lumbricoides>Hookworm>Trichuris trichiura across all age groups, sexes and settlements. Conclusion:In conclusion, soil-transmitted helminthiasis is endemic among children in Kankara and its prevalence is associated with sex, age group and settlements.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 80%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis among Children Attending General Hospital Kankara, an Insecurity-Plagued Community in Northwestern Nigeria

Sada,

Everest,

Auta

2023

Res. J. Parasitol

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“…Trypanosomes (Trypanosoma vivax, T. congolense, and T. brucei), Babesia (Babesia bigemina, B.bovis, Anaplasma, and Ehrlichia (Cowdria), as well as to a lesser extent Theileria (Theileria parva and T.veilifer) are the genera that are most economically significant (Makala et al, The most significant obstacles to the wellbeing and increased productivity of cattle in sub-Saharan Africa are thought to be African animal trypanosomiasis, babesiosis, and cowdriosis Kamani et al (2010) . Farmers with little resources keep their cattle on communal rangelands, where they are given plenty of space to graze Agu and Amadi (2001) and Enogiomwan et al, (2019). Low production and subpar cattle management are hallmarks of communal grazing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low production and subpar cattle management are hallmarks of communal grazing. As a result, parasites and illnesses are rampant and pose serious risks to the production of cattle in community areas Agu and Amadi (2001) and Enogiomwan et al, (2019). Kamani et al (2010) observed prevalences of 9.4% and 13.5% in Kaduna, Nigeria's northwest, respectively, in various investigations on haemoparasites of cattle there.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemoparasitic Infections and Associated Risk Factors Among Cattle Slaughtered at Katsina Central Abattoir, Katsina State, Nigeria

Muhammad,

Auta,

Atalabi

2023

FJS

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Cattle are essential for the growth and maintenance of a country's economy, but different blood parasites (Haemoparasites) can reduce their production, which causes both direct and indirect financial losses for the livestock industry. The incidence of hemoparasites and risk factors related to them were investigated in cattle butchered at the principal abattoir in Katsina. At the point of slaughter, 500 blood samples were aseptically taken, processed, and checked for hemoparasites by identifying parasites on thin blood smears stained with Giemsa. A prevalence of 8.4% was recorded overall. Anaplasma, Babesia, Microfilaria, and Trypanosoma, four genera of bovine hemoparasites, had prevalence rates of 4.0%, 2.4%, 2.4%, and 0.8%, respectively. The prevalence of hemoparasites was found to be greater in females (8.8%) than in males (7.7%), however there was no statistically significant difference (P 0.05). All breeds evaluated during the study tested positive for haemoparasites; the highest frequency, 16.1%, was found in Adamawa Gudali, followed by Sokoto Gudali (10.3%), White Fulani (7.2), and Red Bororo (6.8%). According to the study's findings, there is no statistically significant difference between breeds in the prevalence of haemoparasites (P 0.05). Young people were more likely to have high prevalence (9.1%) than adults (6.4%) or those who were older (8.7%). The current study has identified the haemoparasite status of cattle put to death at the principal abattoir in Katsina. Consequently, to increase livestock productivity, appropriate preventive and control measures are required.

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Correlation of the Presence of Parasites in Soil and Nutritional Status of Children Aged 3 to 5 at Purok 15 Barangay Tigatto, Buhangin, Davao City

Babiera,

Batiancila,

Quilaquil

et al. 2024

IJMABER

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his study aimed to determine the correlation between the presence of parasites in soil and the nutritional status of children aged 3 to 5 at Purok 15 Barangay Tigatto, Buhangin, Davao City. The research design was descriptive and correlational. The researchers gathered the weight and height of children aged 3 to 5 in Purok 15 of Barangay Tigatto, Davao City. Researchers identified the collected soil samples using a systematic sampling technique. Further, the study used Cobb's method to decant and sieve for detecting parasites. The weight and height were calculated to get the BMI. The mean and standard deviation were used to evaluate the nutritional status of the children and the level of parasites. Furthermore, Pearson r was used to determine the relationship between soil-transmitted helminths and the nutritional status of children aged 3 to 5. Results showed that out of 25 samples, 32% of soil samples got positive results with an infectious parasite (Strongyloides stercoralis), while 68% of soil samples were negative from the parasite. Participants' weight (kgs) and height (cm) are normal. In line with this, the BMI of both male and female participants is normal. Also, results showed that the level of the parasites is very low. Moreover, the relationship between the soil-transmitted helminths did not significantly influence the nutritional status of children aged 3 to 5. In conclusion, the soil-transmitted helminths do not affect the nutritional status of children aged 3 to 5. Hence, other factors may influence the nutritional status of children aged 3 to 5. Moreover, since the relationship between STH and the nutritional status of children is not significant, the presence or absence of STH in the latrine area does not affect the nutritional status of children under 3 to 5 years old. Thus, immediate action toward STH elimination could prevent the production of more parasites that could lead to a parasite-free environment.

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Environmental contamination by soil-transmitted helminths ova and subsequent infection in school-age children in Calabar, Nigeria

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis among Children Attending General Hospital Kankara, an Insecurity-Plagued Community in Northwestern Nigeria

Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis among Children Attending General Hospital Kankara, an Insecurity-Plagued Community in Northwestern Nigeria

Haemoparasitic Infections and Associated Risk Factors Among Cattle Slaughtered at Katsina Central Abattoir, Katsina State, Nigeria

Correlation of the Presence of Parasites in Soil and Nutritional Status of Children Aged 3 to 5 at Purok 15 Barangay Tigatto, Buhangin, Davao City

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