Environmental contributions to the interactions of COVID-19 and asthma: A secondary publication and update

Urrutia-Pereira, Marilyn; Chong-Neto, Herberto José; Filho, Nelson Augusto Rosário; Annesi‐Maesano, Isabella; Ansotegui, Ignacio J.; Caraballo, Luis; Galán, Carmen Rueda; López, Juan Carlos; Aguttes, Margarita Murrieta; Peden, David B.; Pomés, Anna; Zakzuk, Josefina; D’Amato, Gennaro

doi:10.1016/j.waojou.2022.100686

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…While the details of the relationships between these molecules and phenotypes of hypertension and COVID-19 have yet to be dissected, a closer look at the cluster of genes on Chr5 revealed a second shared signal located downstream of CSF2. This signal falls within C5ORF56, a locus previously reported as an integral part of asthma-COPD overlap and a predisposing factor to Type 2 inflammation,55 which may reduce the risk for severe COVID-19 56. This finding also calls for much-needed investigations into the hypertension-COVID-19-asthma connection.The functional pathway constructed based on literature data may uncover some of the underlying mechanisms of the causal effect of hypertension on COVID-19.…”

supporting

confidence: 58%

Causal associations and shared genetics between hypertension and COVID‐19

Baranova

Cao

Zhang

2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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To evaluate the genetic relationship between hypertension and COVID-19 and explore the molecular pathways linking hypertension to COVID-19. We performed genetic correlation and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to assess potential associations between hypertension and hospitalized COVID-19. We compared genome-wide association signals to reveal shared genetic variation between hypertension and hospitalized COVID-19. Moreover, hypertension-driven molecular pathways were constructed based on large-scale literature data to understand the influence of hypertension on COVID-19 at the molecular level. Hypertension has a positive genetic correlation with COVID-19 (r g = 0.19). The MR analyses indicate that genetic liability to hypertension confers a causal effect on hospitalized COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR]: 1.05, confidence interval [CI]: 1.00-1.09, p = 0.030). Hypertension and hospitalized COVID-19 have three overlapping loci and share eight protein-coding risk genes, including ABO, CSF2, FUT2, IZUMO1, MAMSTR, NPNT, RASIP1, and WNT3. Molecular pathway analysis suggests that hypertension may promote the development of COVID-19 through the induction of inflammatory pathways. Our study suggests that genetically determined hypertension may increase the risk for severe COVID-19. The shared genetic variation and the connecting molecular pathways may underline causal links between hypertension and COVID-19.

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supporting

confidence: 58%

Causal associations and shared genetics between hypertension and COVID‐19

Baranova

Cao

Zhang

2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…The reasons for this lower representation of asthma patients with COVID-19 than influenza are still unclear [ 35 ]: suggested explanations are the role of strong adherence to protective shields [ 17 , 18 ] and to treatments [ 19 ]; lower exposure to other respiratory viruses, especially influenza [ 36 ], allergens or pollutants during lockdown periods, as well as the potential effect of inhaled steroids on virus replication [ 37 , 38 ] and decreased expression of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor on asthma airway epithelial cells in patients with T2 phenotype [ 39 , 40 ]. To distinguish the role of mechanical barriers from an intrinsic protection related to asthma and/or its treatments, comparing the prevalence of asthma among hospitalized patients during the successive waves of COVID-19, especially with new variants and lightened restrictions, would be useful.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The association between severity and patients characteristics may be biased because of residual confounding, especially for influenza vaccination status [ 14 ] and environmental factors (air pollution, pollinating season etc.) associated with asthma exacerbations [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes and risk factors with COVID-19 or influenza in hospitalized asthma patients

et al. 2022

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Background At the time of the SARS-CoV-2 emergence, asthma patients were initially considered vulnerable because respiratory viruses, especially influenza, are associated with asthma exacerbations, increased risk of hospitalization and more severe disease course. We aimed to compare the asthma prevalence in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 or influenza and risk factors associated with poor prognosis with the diseases. Methods This retrospective cohort study used the Paris university hospitals clinical data warehouse to identify adults hospitalized for COVID-19 (January to June 2020) or influenza (November 2017 to March 2018 for the 2017–2018 influenza period and November 2018 to March 2019 for the 2018–2019 period). Asthma patients were identified with J45 and J46 ICD-10 codes. Poor outcomes were defined as admission in intensive care or death. Results Asthma prevalence was significantly higher among influenza than COVID-19 patients (n = 283/3 119, 9.1%, 95% CI [8.1–10.1] in 2017–2018 and n = 309/3 266, 9.5%, 95% CI [8.5–10.5] in 2018–2019 versus n = 402/9 009, 4.5%, 95% CI [4.0–4.9]). For asthma patients, 31% with COVID-19 were admitted to an intensive care unit versus 23% and 21% with influenza. Obesity was a risk factor for the 2017–2018 influenza period, smoking and heart failure for the 2018–2019 period. Among COVID-19 patients with asthma, smoking and obesity were risk factors for the severe form. Conclusions In this study, patients with an asthma ICD-10 code were less represented among COVID-19 patients than among influenza-infected ones. However, outcomes were poorer for COVID-19 than influenza patients, both with asthma. These data highlight the importance of protective shields and vaccination against influenza and COVID-19 in this population.

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“…15,16 Especially in children with asthma, several studies have highlighted the notable reduction in physical activity and social interactions, 17,18 the significant increase in time spent at home, 18 and overall enhancement of hygiene behaviors 19 and treatment adherence. 20 Overall, these behavioral changes during COVID-19 lockdowns, led to reduced exposure to ambient environmental triggers, such as allergens, pollutants, and particulate matter, 21,22 and decreased exposure to viral asthma triggers such as the influenza virus, the respiratory syncytial virus, and rhinoviruses. 23 Most previous studies on the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on pediatric asthma morbidity focused on available administrative data from emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations for asthma before and during the lockdown period.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of COVID‐19 lockdown measures on symptoms control in children with asthma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational cohort studies

Kouis,

Lemonaris,

Xenophontos

et al. 2023

Pediatric Pulmonology

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ObjectivesReported reductions in emergency department visits and hospitalizations for asthma in previous studies have suggested a beneficial effect of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID‐19) lockdown measures on asthma morbidity. Nevertheless, studies relying on administrative data may overestimate the true impact of lockdowns due to changes in health‐seeking behavior and reduced availability of pediatric asthma services during the pandemic. In this study, we systematically reviewed the literature and identified observational cohort studies that focused on nonadministrative data to assess the true impact of COVID‐19 lockdowns on symptom control in children with asthma.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted between January 2020 and August 2022 (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews ID: CRD42022354369). The impact of COVID‐19 lockdowns across studies was expressed as a standardized mean difference (SMD) for continuous outcomes and as a summary relative risk (RR) for binary outcomes.ResultsDuring the lockdown periods, the pooled asthma symptoms control test score (SMD: 1.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75, 3.24, I2: 98.4%) and the proportion of children with well‐controlled asthma (RR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.71, I2: 77.6%) were significantly increased. On the other hand, the pooled proportion of children with poorly controlled asthma (RR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.57, I2: 0.0%) was significantly decreased.ConclusionsDuring COVID‐19 lockdowns, asthma symptoms and breakthrough disease exacerbations were significantly reduced in children with asthma. Further research is warranted on potential interventions aiming to enhance asthma control after the pandemic while taking into consideration their acceptability and potential tradeoffs.

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Environmental contributions to the interactions of COVID-19 and asthma: A secondary publication and update

Cited by 7 publications

References 131 publications

Causal associations and shared genetics between hypertension and COVID‐19

Causal associations and shared genetics between hypertension and COVID‐19

Outcomes and risk factors with COVID-19 or influenza in hospitalized asthma patients

The impact of COVID‐19 lockdown measures on symptoms control in children with asthma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational cohort studies

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