Environmental Correlates of Nutrition and Physical Activity: Moving Beyond the Promise

Lenthe, Frank J. van; Brug, J.

doi:10.1002/9781118786611.ch13

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…In past decades, interventions to reduce obesity have typically focused on behaviors at the individual level; but little success has come from these efforts (Alvaro et al, 2010;Ball et al, 2010). Therefore, attention has recently shifted toward environmental and social determinants to explain energy-imbalance behaviors (van Lenthe and Brug, 2010). The general idea is to identify and differentiate between elements of the environment in an attempt to understand their influence on health behaviors that will ultimately influence body weight and body mass index (BMI) changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight gain and chronic disease progression among individuals incarcerated in Canadian federal penitentiaries: a retrospective cohort study

Johnson

Bien-Aimé

Dubois

2020

IJPH

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Purpose Very little is known about how weight gain during incarceration influences the health of people living in Canadian federal penitentiaries. To fill this knowledge gap, this study aims to determine how the observed weight gain influenced the development of obesity-related chronic diseases during incarceration. Design/methodology/approach This retrospective cohort study examined the association between weight gain and obesity-related chronic diseases for 1,420 participants incarcerated in federal penitentiaries in Ontario, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. To participate, individuals had to be incarcerated for at least six months at the time of the study (2016–2017). Current anthropometric data were measured or taken from medical records, then compared to anthropometric data at the beginning of incarceration (mean follow-up of 5.0 years) to determine weight change (kg) and body mass index change (kg/m2) during incarceration. Then, information about obesity-related chronic diseases was drawn from the participants’ medical records. Findings Chi-square and nonparametric median comparison tests were performed to detect statistically significant changes in anthropometric data, to determine if a relationship was present. This study observed a significant association between weight gain and disease development for many types of obesity-related chronic diseases (e.g. cancer, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and sleep apnea). This confirmed an association between weight gain and chronic disease development in the prison population. Originality/value Participants who gained a significant amount of weight, during incarceration, were also more frequently diagnosed with obesity-related chronic diseases. These findings suggest that weight gain may contribute to the deterioration of peoples’ health during incarceration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%