Environmental cues that induce the physiology of solid medium: a study on lovastatin production by<i>Aspergillus terreus</i>

Ávila, Norma Ilse Veloz; Tarragó-Castellanos, M. Rosario; Barrios-González, Javier

doi:10.1111/jam.13391

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…Based on the stimulatory effects of VOCs by edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus on exopolysaccharide production of the medicinal fungus Ganoderma lucidum , Asadi et al (2021) established a novel submerged volatile co-culture system in which the specific yield of exopolysaccharides was increased about 2.2-fold by 6-day treatment of P. ostreatus VOCs [ 37 ]. Currently, versatile systems for microbial mono- and co‑cultures have been constructed for production of value‑added compounds [ 38 , 39 ]. In this study, we also made an effort to establish the submerged volatile co-culture system (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting regulation of live Bacillus cereus No.1 and its volatiles on Shiraia perylenequinone production

Zhang

et al. 2022

Microb Cell Fact

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Background Fungal perylenequinones (PQs) are a class of photoactivated polyketide mycotoxins produced by plant-associated fungi. Hypocrellins, the effective anticancer photodynamic therapy (PDT) agents are main bioactive PQs isolated from a bambusicolous Shiraia fruiting bodies. We found previously that bacterial communities inhabiting fungal fruiting bodies are diverse, but with unknown functions. Bacillus is the most dominant genus inside Shiraia fruiting body. To understand the regulation role of the dominant Bacillus isolates on host fungus, we continued our work on co-culture of the dominant bacterium B. cereus No.1 with host fungus Shiraia sp. S9 to elucidate bacterial regulation on fungal hypocrellin production. Results Results from "donut" plate tests indicated that the bacterial culture could promote significantly fungal PQ production including hypocrellin A (HA), HC and elsinochrome A-C through bacterial volatiles. After analysis by gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer and confirmation with commercial pure compounds, the volatiles produced by the bacterium were characterized. The eliciting roles of bacterial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on HA production via transcriptional regulation of host Shiraia fungus were confirmed. In the established submerged bacterial volatile co-culture, bacterial volatiles could not only promote HA production in the mycelium culture, but also facilitate the release of HA into the medium. The total production of HA was reached to 225.9 mg/L, about 1.87 times that of the fungal mono-culture. In contrast, the live bacterium suppressed markedly fungal PQ production in both confrontation plates and mycelium cultures by direct contact. The live bacterium not only down-regulated the transcript levels of HA biosynthetic genes, but also degraded extracellular HA quickly to its reductive product. Conclusion Our results indicated that bacterial volatile release could be a long-distance signal to elicit fungal PQ production. Biodegradation and inhibition by direct contact on fungal PQs were induced by the dominate Bacillus to protect themselves in the fruiting bodies. This is the first report on the regulation of Bacillus volatiles on fungal PQ production. These findings could be helpful for both understanding the intimate fungal–bacterial interactions in a fruiting body and establishing novel cultures for the enhanced production of bioactive PQs. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting regulation of live Bacillus cereus No.1 and its volatiles on Shiraia perylenequinone production

Zhang

et al. 2022

Microb Cell Fact

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Bioreactor Engineering for Circular Economy: Bioactive Compound Production in Solid‐State Fermentation—Review

Gómez‐Ramos,

Prado‐Barragán,

Rivera

et al. 2024

Chem Eng & Technol

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Solid‐state fermentation (SSF) has gained considerable attention due to its potential in the production of bioactive compounds from agroindustrial residues, aligning with circular economy targets. This review examines the core bases involved in SSF with a focus on bioreactor engineering. The review underlines the microorganisms metabolic activities under different operational conditions and focuses on engineering challenges encountered in designing packed‐bed bioreactors, including an analysis of the interaction between microbial growth kinetics and transport phenomena. Finally, given its essential role in the scaling‐up process, this review discusses mathematical modeling developed for SSF in packed‐bed bioreactors, establishing a foundation for the future development of more efficient, scalable, and sustainable SSF‐based applications.

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Key role of alternative oxidase in lovastatin solid-state fermentation

Pérez-Sánchez

Uribe‐Carvajal

Cabrera‐Orefice

et al. 2017

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Lovastatin is a commercially important secondary metabolite produced by Aspergillus terreus, either by solid-state fermentation or by submerged fermentation. In a previous work, we showed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in idiophase positively regulates lovastatin biosynthetic genes. In addition, it has been found that lovastatin-specific production decreases with aeration in solid-state fermentation (SSF). To study this phenomenon, we determined ROS accumulation during lovastatin SSF, under high and low aeration conditions. Paradoxically, high aeration caused lower ROS accumulation, and this was the underlying reason of the aeration effect on lovastatin production. Looking for a mechanism that is lowering ROS production under those conditions, we studied alternative respiration. The alternative oxidase provides an alternative route for electrons passing through the electron transport chain to reduce oxygen. Here, we showed that an alternative oxidase (AOX) is expressed in SSF, and only during idiophase. It was shown that higher aeration induces higher alternative respiration (AOX activity), and this is a mechanism that limits ROS generation and keeps them within healthy limits and adequate signaling limits for lovastatin production. Indeed, the aox gene was induced in idiophase, i.e., at the time of ROS accumulation. Moreover, exogenous ROS (HO), added to lovastatin solid-state fermentation, induced higher AOX activity. This suggests that high O availability in SSF generates dangerously high ROS, so alternative respiration is induced in SSF, indirectly favoring lovastatin production. Conversely, alternative respiration was not detected in lovastatin-submerged fermentation (SmF), although exogenous ROS also induced relatively low AOX activity in SmF.

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Environmental cues that induce the physiology of solid medium: a study on lovastatin production byAspergillus terreus

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Contrasting regulation of live Bacillus cereus No.1 and its volatiles on Shiraia perylenequinone production

Contrasting regulation of live Bacillus cereus No.1 and its volatiles on Shiraia perylenequinone production

Bioreactor Engineering for Circular Economy: Bioactive Compound Production in Solid‐State Fermentation—Review

Key role of alternative oxidase in lovastatin solid-state fermentation

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