Environmental DDT and the Genetics of Natural Populations

Cory, Lawrence; Fjeld, Per E.; Serat, William F.

doi:10.1038/229128a0

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Insecticides, particularly DDT, have been more recently given serious attention as a possible cause of the genetic changes. The sudden appearance of the Pikes Peak chromosome on the coast and its rapid rise in frequency paralleled the widespread introduction of pesticides after World War II, and the greatest change was in areas known to have received heavy doses of insecticides (Dobzhansky et al, 1964;Dobzhansky et al, 1966;Cory et al, 1971). The effect of insecticides could not be demonstrated in the laboratory, however; the frequency changes of gene arrangements in populations whose members were exposed as adults to DDT or Dieldrin were not meaningfully different from those in populations not exposed to any pesticide .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of insecticides could not be demonstrated in the laboratory, however; the frequency changes of gene arrangements in populations whose members were exposed as adults to DDT or Dieldrin were not meaningfully different from those in populations not exposed to any pesticide . Cory et al (1971) suggest that adding DDT to the culture medium, so that larvae are exposed to selection, would provide a better test. Cory has initiated experiments, with this design, and we await his results with interest.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pinon Flats, Mt. San Jacinto, California, 1970, A. Sokolov and L. Cory;14. Borrego State Park, California, April 1-2, 1973, D;15.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

GENETICS OF NATURAL POPULATIONS XLII. THREE DECADES OF GENETIC CHANGE INDROSOPHILA PSEUDOOBSCURA

Anderson¹,

Dobzhansky²,

Pavlovsky³

et al. 1975

Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

GENETICS OF NATURAL POPULATIONS XLII. THREE DECADES OF GENETIC CHANGE INDROSOPHILA PSEUDOOBSCURA

Anderson¹,

Dobzhansky²,

Pavlovsky³

et al. 1975

Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Chromosomal polymorphism has been considered to be adaptive in many species of Drosophila, Anopheles and Chironomus, maintained by various selective gradients in nature, such as climatic, seasonal and geographical variations (Dobzhansky 1970), level of pesticides (Cory et al 1971;Nigatu et al 1995), predation (Topping and Acton 1976), anoxia (Pedersen 1984) and several other parameters (Lande 1984;Sperlich and Pfriem 1986). However, in most of the studies, the relative fitness of different chromosomal genotypes was not experimentally analysed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Chromosomal polymorphism is associated with nematode parasitism in a natural population of a tropical midge

Hardikar

Nath

2001

Chromosoma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A natural population of a tropical midge, Chironomus ramosus (Diptera: Chironomidae), was found to be polymorphic for a paracentric inversion (IV: 18C-19D). Based on the characteristic banding pattern of the fourth chromosome in the larval salivary gland polytene nuclei, individuals were classified as either structural homozygotes or heterozygotes. Isofemale lines were obtained and subsequently standard (S/S) and inversion (I/I) homozygotes were characterised by careful progeny testing in the laboratory. While exploring various biotic and abiotic factors that might be responsible for the maintenance of inversion polymorphism, we detected nematode (Family: Mermithidae) infections among the larval population. A detailed study indicated that the inversion polymorphism in the natural population of C. ramosus was apparently being maintained as a result of the selective pressure exerted by the nematode parasite. The corresponding pattern of increase and decrease in genotype frequencies and the relative fitness values indicated a selective advantage of inversion heterozygotes (S/I) over both homozygous types (S/S and I/I). Both empirical and experimental data suggest the strong heterotic nature of adaptation in this C. ramosus population towards nematode infection. This is the first report of its kind where inversion polymorphism has been shown to be associated with nematode parasitism.

show abstract

“…These changes are presumably the result of environmental changes since the fitness parameters of inversion karyotypes are highly dependent on specific environmental conditions like temperature, nutrition and population density (see Dobzhansky, 1970, for a review). The presence of insecticides in the environment has been suggested as a possible cause for long-term frequency changes of inversions in D. pseudoobscura (Cory et al, 1971;Anderson et al, 1975). However, extensive attempts to demonstrate changes in D. pseudoobscura karotype fitness parameters due to insecticides have failed (Anderson et al, 1968).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

ALDEHYDE OXIDASE ALLOZYMES, INVERSIONS AND DDT RESISTANCE IN SOME LABORATORY POPULATIONS OFDROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Laurie-Ahlberg¹,

Merrell²

1979

Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

MATERIALS AND METHODSThe populations.-Two sets of populations were used in this study; one set has been selected for resistance to DDT (2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-I, 1, l-trichloroethane) and the other consists of the corresponding control populations. They are designated as follows:ORC and ORR were derived in 1952 from the well-known stock Oregon R, which has been kept in the laboratory since at least 1925 (Bridges and Brehme, 1944). The pairs 731C and 731R and 91C and 91R were established in 1952 from collections of several hundred wild flies made in a residential area of St. Paul, Minnesota, about 1 month apart. The J populations were established from another studies of these populations have shown that a very high level of resistance has been achieved (Merrell, 1960;Dapkus and Merrell, 1977). The purpose of this report is to present evidence that (a) frequency changes of aldehyde oxidase (Ao) allozymes and the Payne inversion (In(3R)P) with which they are associated have occured in response to selection for DDT resistance and (b) the maintenance of the In(3R)P polymorphism at intermediate frequencies in selected populations is due to heterokaryotype advantage in survival that is specifically dependent on DDT in the environment.

show abstract

Environmental DDT and the Genetics of Natural Populations

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

GENETICS OF NATURAL POPULATIONS XLII. THREE DECADES OF GENETIC CHANGE INDROSOPHILA PSEUDOOBSCURA

GENETICS OF NATURAL POPULATIONS XLII. THREE DECADES OF GENETIC CHANGE INDROSOPHILA PSEUDOOBSCURA

Chromosomal polymorphism is associated with nematode parasitism in a natural population of a tropical midge

ALDEHYDE OXIDASE ALLOZYMES, INVERSIONS AND DDT RESISTANCE IN SOME LABORATORY POPULATIONS OFDROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About