Environmental degradation of the insect growth regulator methoprene (isopropyl (2E,4E)-11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoate).  III.  Photodecomposition

Quistad, Gary B.; Staiger, Luana E.; Schooley, David A.

doi:10.1021/jf60198a002

Cited by 45 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Since catch basin communities are exposed to among the highest levels of methoprene used for mosquito control, it is plausible to suggest that methoprene is unlikely to affect other communities either. Other research on many different arthropods in many different regions supports our claims at least in short‐term experiments (Miura and Takahashi 1973, 1974, Norland and Mulla 1975, Yasuno and Satake 1990, Kikuchi 1992Lawler et al 1999, Pinkney et al 1998, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Nevertheless, they are still far greater than the concentrations we measured in water samples taken at outflow areas immediately after catch basins were thoroughly rinsed into Point Judith Pond in our study (<.18 ppb). Decomposition and dilution undoubtedly reduce methoprene levels even further (Schaefer and Dupras 1973, Quistad et al 1975, Schooley et al 1975, Boxmeyer et al 1997). The non‐target organisms in natural waters did not appear to be at risk from methoprene pellets applied to catch basins according to what we found in this research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of nontarget effects of methoprene applied to catch basins for mosquito control

Butler

Ginsberg²,

LeBrun

et al. 2010

Journal of Vector Ecology

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The mosquito larvicide methoprene is a juvenile growth hormone mimic that is widely used to control mosquito larvae in stormwater catch basins. This study addresses two concerns pertaining to methoprene's use for mosquito control. First, measurements of methoprene concentrations were made from water in catch basins that had been treated with methoprene and from an adjoining salt pond near where the treated catch basins emptied. The concentrations of methoprene in catch basins and at drainage outlets after application at the rates currently used for mosquito control in southern Rhode Island were 0.5 ppb and lower, orders of magnitude below what has been determined as detrimental to organisms other than mosquitoes. Second, the effects of methoprene on the communities that live in catch basins were evaluated both in simulated catch basins in the laboratory and in actual catch basins in the field. We found no evidence of declines in abundances of any taxa attributable to the application. Furthermore, we found no consistent changes in community-level parameters (e.g., taxonomic richness, and dominance-diversity relationships) related to methoprene application in either field or laboratory trials. Journal of Vector Ecology 35 (2): 372-384. 2010.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of nontarget effects of methoprene applied to catch basins for mosquito control

Butler

Ginsberg²,

LeBrun

et al. 2010

Journal of Vector Ecology

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“…SCHEME VIII Mechanism for the photo-oxidation of 1,4-dithiane (73 92 Dye-sensitized photo-oxidations of 1-naphthols yield 1,4-naphthoquinones. 93 Methoprene gives 7-methoxycitronellal as major product and many other photoproducts, 94 ethylenethiourea undergoes photodegradation via ethyleneurea and glycine sulfate. 95 Saito et a/.…”

Section: Ik 11 Z5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms in sensitized photochemistry of environmental chemicals

Choudhry

Roof

Hutzinger

1979

Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry Reviews

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This review consists of three main parts. After a short discussion of the theory of photochemistry, the three major mechanisms (radiative, short range and long range) for the transfer of electronic excitation energy from sensitizers (donors) to substrates (acceptors) are described. Criteria for the selection of. sensitizers are a high efficiency of intersystem crossing (in the case of triplet sensitization) and energy transfer, and strong absorption at wavelengths longer than those at which the acceptor absorbs. Two mechanisms of sensitized photooxygenation, viz. the radical and singlet oxygen type, are discussed.The second part of this review deals with photosensitizers, with a strong emphasis on compounds of importance in environmental photochemistry on the one hand and those interesting from a mechanistic point of view on the other.The third part describes photo-inducers and their role in photoreactions. Additional literature references (to January 1978) are presented at the end of this review.

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“…The results of a chemical ionization–mass spectral analysis using isobutane revealed a molecular ion consistent with 7‐methoxy‐3,7‐dimethyl octanol. This compound has been previously identified as a degradation product in aqueous solutions of methoprene [28]. However, because of a lack of a suitable quantitation standard, the concentration of this compound in the extracts could not be accurately determined.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ultraviolet light and methoprene on survival and development ofRana pipiens

Ankley

Tietge

DeFoe

et al. 1998

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-Recently a suite of relatively specific hindlimb deformities have been observed in several anuran species in North America. These deformities include ectopic and supernumerary limbs and missing limbs, limb segments, or digits. The objective of this study was to assess two stressors hypothesized as responsible for limb malformations in amphibians: methoprene, an insect growth regulator that, through interaction with the retinoic acid signaling system, could possibly cause limb deformities, and ultraviolet (UV) light. Northern leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) were exposed to several different concentrations of methoprene both in the absence and presence of UV light designed to mimic the UV wavelength spectrum present in sunlight. Exposures were initiated at early embryonic stages (newly fertilized eggs) and continued through emergence of the forelimbs of the frogs. At the highest methoprene concentration tested, both in the absence and presence of UV light, severe developmental effects were observed, with all organisms dying within 12 to 16 d of test initiation. However, exposure to the pesticide did not cause limb malformations. Irrespective of methoprene treatment, a very high percentage (ϳ50%) of animals held under the UV light for 24 d developed hindlimb malformations. These malformations usually were bilateral and sometimes completely symmetrical, and consisted of missing limb segments and missing or reduced digits. A complete proximal to distal representation of the deficiencies occurred, ranging from missing or malformed femurs to the absence of single digits or digit segments. The developmental period of greatest sensitivity to UV light occurred during very early limb bud development, corresponding with formation of the apical ectodermal ridge. The significance of these findings in terms of deformed frogs in the field is uncertain. Although the deformity types observed (i.e., missing limb segments and digits) were similar to those seen in some field specimens, the UV light treatment did not cause the full range of malformations observed in animals from the field (e.g., supernumerary limbs, nonbilateral deformities). Furthermore, although the artificial light spectrum utilized mimicked the relative UV spectrum present in sunlight, it did not match full sunlight intensity, and did not accurately mimic visible wavelengths. Finally, the relationship of the UV light dose used in the laboratory to that actually experienced by amphibians in the field is uncertain. Despite these questions, our findings suggest that UV light should be further considered as a plausible factor contributing to amphibian malformations in field settings.

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Environmental degradation of the insect growth regulator methoprene (isopropyl (2E,4E)-11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoate). III. Photodecomposition

Cited by 45 publications

References 7 publications

Evaluation of nontarget effects of methoprene applied to catch basins for mosquito control

Evaluation of nontarget effects of methoprene applied to catch basins for mosquito control

Mechanisms in sensitized photochemistry of environmental chemicals

Effects of ultraviolet light and methoprene on survival and development ofRana pipiens

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