Environmental education in teaching science on the Wadden Sea ecosystem: What are the effects on environmental psychological constructs?

Out-of-School Learning in the Wadden Sea: The Influence of a Mudflat Hiking Tour on the Environmental Attitudes and Environmental Knowledge of Secondary School Students

“…In this one, the influence of station work on the Wadden Sea conducted in classroom was considered, which took into account an implementation of different experiments and the use of original objects [64]. However, in empirical research of this school-based intervention, preservation decreased statistically significantly between the posttest and the retention test [65]. Although preservation scores also decreased slightly during this period in the present study, there is no significant difference between the T1 and T2 measurement time points.…”

“…Because there is no significant increase in this preference between time T1 and T2, the positive impact of this educational intervention at the Wadden Sea out-of-school learning site is again evident. In the case of the school-based station work on the Wadden Sea, the values for utilization between the posttest and the retention test differed significantly [65]; thus, the corresponding preference increased again. Therefore, based on the variance analyses calculated for both factors of the 2-MEV model, it can be concluded that the out-of-school mudflat hiking tour has a more long-term positive influence on the environmental attitudes of the students than a hands-on school lesson with the same content on the Wadden Sea ecosystem.…”