Environmental exposure to xenoestrogens and oestrogen related cancers: reproductive system, breast, lung, kidney, pancreas, and brain

Fučić, Aleksandra; Gamulin, Marija; Ferenčić, Željko; Katic, Jelena; Krauß, Martin; Bartoňová, Alena; Merlo, Domenico Franco

doi:10.1186/1476-069x-11-s1-s8

Cited by 108 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Introduced to environment they cause a lot of unfavourable changes observed especially among animals living in marine and inland waters, such as malformation of sexual features, fertility disruptions and in consequence dying out of some species of bivalves, amphibians, fishes and mammalians [7][8][9][10]. The occurrence of xenoestrogens in drinking water can result in a wrong form of sex in the foetal period of humans and lead to cancer genesis [11][12][13]. For this reason, alachlor like most xenoestrogens was included in the European Union legislation [14] and Polish legislation [15 ] as a hazardous priority substance, which should be totally eliminated from environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alachlor oxidation by the filamentous fungus Paecilomyces marquandii

Słaba

Szewczyk

Piątek

et al. 2013

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Alachlor, a popular chloroacetanilide herbicide, can be a potential health risk factor. Soil microorganisms are primarily responsible for conversion and migration of alachlor in natural environment, but knowledge concerning alachlor biodegradation is not complete. Therefore, we studied the ability of Paecilomyces marquandii, soil fungus tolerant to heavy metals, to eliminate alachlor and proposed a new pathway of its transformation. After 7 days of incubation only 3.3% of alachlor was detected from an initial concentration 50 mg L -1 and 20.1% from a concentration 100 mg L -1 . The qualitative IDA LC-MS analysis showed the presence of ten metabolites. All of them were dechlorinated mainly through oxidation, but also reductive dechlorination was observed. The main route of alachlor conversion progressed via N-acetyl oxidation resulting in the formation of mono-, di-and trihydroxylated byproducts. N-acetyl oxidation as a dominant route of alachlor metabolism by fungi has not been described so far. The toxicity of alachlor tested with Artemia franciscana did not increase after treatment with P. marquandii cultures. Paecilomyces marquandii strain seems to be an interesting model for the research on alachlor conversion by soil microscopic fungi, due to its dechlorination and hydroxylation ability as well as high tolerance to heavy metals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alachlor oxidation by the filamentous fungus Paecilomyces marquandii

Słaba

Szewczyk

Piątek

et al. 2013

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…In fact, regulations on pollutants should take into account new scientific evidences on age and gender differential susceptibilities [105,106].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increase of cancer incidence and change in its age and gender [1][2][3][4][5][6] distribution during the last few decades can be attributed to better diagnostics but also to exposure to new risk factors, including xenobiotics, introduced to our living environment. Additionally, most investigations and risk assessments did not, or could not, take into account gender and age of subjects at the time of exposure to early risk factors; this knowledge gap on a critical phase of the dynamic of carcinogenesis reduces the accuracy and reliability of current assessments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender and Age Related Modulation of Xenoestrogen-Induced Tumorigenesis

Fučić¹,

Mantovani²

2015

TOBIOTJ

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Susceptibility to environmental stressors, same as cancer incidence is both age and gender related. Understanding the complexity of responses to living environment has been impaireddue to research based on reductionisms and lack of methods, models and sophisticated softwares which enable analysis of complex pathways which may be disturbed by xenobotics. Impact of estrogen on development, maturation and homeostasis of organism in both genders is now well recognised and environmental investigations are currently making major efforts to understand how xenoestrogens affect organisms at very low doses.Additionally, it is of great interest to learn possible synergistic or antagonistic effects of xenoestrogen mixtures on adult organism and during development. The aim of this paper is to review the findings on the association between cancer risk and the endocrine disrupters which directly or indirectly mimic estrogen action.

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“…A number of studies have reported that they act mainly by an in--vivo mechanism mediated by the estrogen receptor (ER). [11][12][13]21 Although parabens have been termed "weak estrogens" because of their low--binding affinity to the ER, their level of response to the growth of human breast cancer cells in vitro may be the same as that of 17β -estradiol when sufficient concentrations are present. 21 The estrogenic activity of some cosmetic products with parabens has recently been confirmed again by the development of gynecomastia in 3 prepubertal boys as a consequence of the topical application of body oils.…”

Section: -6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between everyday use cosmetics and female breast cancer

Konduracka¹,

Krzemieniecki²,

Gajos³

2014

Polish Archives of Internal Medicine

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Data of the European Cancer Registries indicate that the incidence of breast cancer, which is the most common cancer among women, tends to increase not only in postmenopausal but also in very young women. The potential causes of breast cancer are genetic predisposition, long -term hormonal replacement therapy, alcohol, environmental pollution, and possibly modern lifestyle. The controversial results of several studies suggest that certain everyday-use products (including cosmetic ingredients) may be linked to breast cancer. Some of these ingredients, such as ethylene oxide, have recently been classified by the International Agency for Research for Cancer as carcinogenic and mutagenic to humans, with sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity for breast cancer. Other ingredients, such as xenoestrogens, are chemicals which have an estrogen -like effect or disrupt the normal metabolism of the natural estrogen and thus act as carcinogens. Some of them have been shown to result in DNA damage in animal and human mammary epithelial cells and, therefore, have the potential to generate genomic instability in the breast tissue. Examples of xenoestrogens with such properties include parabens, aluminium salts, phthalates, or bisophenol A. No sufficient epidemiological data on humans have been published so far, and the effects of a mixture of chemicals to which women are exposed during lifetime on the incidence of breast cancer have not been investigated. However, the results of the available studies emphasize the need for analysis of adverse environmental factors, which, in addition to a genetic predisposition and natural aging, may contribute to the increased incidence of breast cancer.

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Environmental exposure to xenoestrogens and oestrogen related cancers: reproductive system, breast, lung, kidney, pancreas, and brain

Cited by 108 publications

References 121 publications

Alachlor oxidation by the filamentous fungus Paecilomyces marquandii

Alachlor oxidation by the filamentous fungus Paecilomyces marquandii

Gender and Age Related Modulation of Xenoestrogen-Induced Tumorigenesis

Relationship between everyday use cosmetics and female breast cancer

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