Environmental factors affecting daily water intake on cattle finished in feedlots

Árias, R.; Mader, Terry L.

doi:10.2527/jas.2010-3014

Cited by 70 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The values 18.52L/day -20.39L/day were within the range of 15.1 -71.9litres for growing and finishing cattle [17] . The low water intake by all the breeds could have been as a result of environmental temperature (21 -27 o C) since water intake by animals is highly influenced by environmental temperature and season [18] . Although the water intake was low, it had no effect the feed intake as well as the weight gains and the general performance of all the breeds.…”

Section: Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Feedlot Assessment of Four Indigenous Breeds of Cattle on in Nigeria

I¹,

Alawa²,

Lamidi³

et al. 2013

LSMR

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Abstract-An experiment was carried out to compare the feedlot assessment of four indigenous breeds of cattle in Nigeria. Ten bulls each of Bunaji, Rahaji, Sokoto Gudali and Azawak weighing between 200-235 kg, with each breed constituting a treatment in a completely randomized design were used for the study. The bulls were fed with sun dried layer litter in a concentrate mixture for 3 months. Significant (P>0.05) differences were observed in total and average daily weight gain and feed: gain ratio between breeds. Water intake was significantly (P>0.05) different across the breeds. Significant (P<0.05) difference was also observed in body condition score of the breeds. Bunaji recorded the highest value while Azawak had the least for body condition score. Rahaji, Sokoto Gudali and Azawak had significantly (P>0.05) better values of feed consumed than Bunaji. Similarly, income over feed cost and feed cost per gain were significantly (P<0.05) different cross the breeds. Rahaji and Sokoto Gudali had higher values for value of gain. It was concluded that fattening Rahaji, Sokoto Gudali and Azawak are more profitable than fattening Bunaji.

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Section: Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Feedlot Assessment of Four Indigenous Breeds of Cattle on in Nigeria

I¹,

Alawa²,

Lamidi³

et al. 2013

LSMR

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“…Brosh et al (1998) indicated that there was an interaction between ME and SR that overall resulted in an increase in daily water intake. Arias and Mader (2011) reported that feedlot cattle finished in the summer consumed 87.3 % more (P < 0.01) water compared to cattle finished during winter (32.4 L/d versus 17.3 L/d). Additionally Arias and Mader (2011) indicated that thermal exchange is often impeded during heat wave events where adequate water supplies are unavailable.…”

Section: Water Requirementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arias and Mader (2011) reported that feedlot cattle finished in the summer consumed 87.3 % more (P < 0.01) water compared to cattle finished during winter (32.4 L/d versus 17.3 L/d). Additionally Arias and Mader (2011) indicated that thermal exchange is often impeded during heat wave events where adequate water supplies are unavailable. Parker et al (2000) concluded that increased water consumption during summer can be attributed to the thermoregulatory mechanisms evoked to regulate core body temperature.…”

Section: Water Requirementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are numerous factors that influence daily water intake including ambient conditions; diet type; breed (genotype); weight; and physiological functions, all of which confound the determination of water requirement in cattle (Arias and Mader, 2011 However daily water intake appears to be primarily driven by DMI, where the level of intake (kg/d) and type of ration offered, i.e. concentrates versus roughage, influence the amount of water consumed by cattle (McDowell and Weldy, 1967).…”

Section: Water Requirementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These may include providing access to shade (Mitlöhner et al, 2002), or increasing access to water (Arias and Mader, 2011). By using a combination of local ambient climatic conditions, including ambient temperature (TA, °C), relative humidity (RH; %), SR, wind speed (WS; m/s) and rainfall (mm), feedlot managers are able to monitor the impact of the thermal environment on the animals.…”

Section: General Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological responses of feedlot cattle to heat load

Lees¹

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Heat load is a significant animal welfare and cost of production issue worldwide. In the US alone heat load is reported to have an annual economic burden of > $300 million in the beef sector.Furthermore animal growth is often depressed during summer resulting in heat related decreases in weight gain of approximately 10 kg which coincides with a 7 day increase in days on feed. The reduced growth rate increases days on feed, thereby increasing the cost of production. Whilst the effects of heat load on cattle has been researched for a number of years, there is speculation as to the interactions between hot environmental conditions and livestock performance, reproduction, health and overall wellbeing. Therefore there is a need to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the dynamic responses of animals to heat load. The key focus of heat load research is to develop effective management strategies to support animal comfort and performance during hot periods.While heat load can occur in pasture raised cattle, it is mostly observed within the intensive grain feed feedlot industry. Heat load occurs where a combination of environmental conditions exceed the animals ability to regulate body temperature, thus impacting on homeostasis. However how an animal responds to heat load is also dependent on a number of individual characteristics, including genotype, coat characteristics, health status and days on feed. Therefore no two animals will respond to hot climatic conditions in exactly the same manner. There are numerous responses to heat load that can be measured and/or observed in cattle, including changes in behaviour, respiratory dynamics, blood metabolites and body temperature. The experiments within this thesis were focused on investigating the; A key aspect in managing heat load is that feedlot personnel are able to recognise the responses of cattle to high heat load. Improvements in animal management have contributed to alleviating some of the negative effects of heat load. However summer conditions are still responsible for significant production losses and welfare concerns worldwide. Furthermore heat load cannot be completely eradicated where there are animal production operations in tropical and sub-tropical regions.Therefore the primary purpose of heat load research becomes focused on the effective use of mitigation strategies prior to and during heat related stress events, thus improving animal survivability and welfare during these events.iii Declaration by author Publications included in this thesisNo publications included. Contributions by others to the thesis

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Nest trampling and ground nesting birds: Quantifying temporal and spatial overlap between cattle activity and breeding redshank

Sharps

Mason

Jones

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Conservation grazing for breeding birds needs to balance the positive effects on vegetation structure and negative effects of nest trampling. In the UK, populations of Common redshank Tringa totanus breeding on saltmarshes declined by >50% between 1985 and 2011. These declines have been linked to changes in grazing management. The highest breeding densities of redshank on saltmarshes are found in lightly grazed areas. Conservation initiatives have encouraged low‐intensity grazing at <1 cattle/ha, but even these levels of grazing can result in high levels of nest trampling. If livestock distribution is not spatially or temporally homogenous but concentrated where and when redshank breed, rates of nest trampling may be much higher than expected based on livestock density alone. By GPS tracking cattle on saltmarshes and monitoring trampling of dummy nests, this study quantified (i) the spatial and temporal distribution of cattle in relation to the distribution of redshank nesting habitats and (ii) trampling rates of dummy nests. The distribution of livestock was highly variable depending on both time in the season and the saltmarsh under study, with cattle using between 3% and 42% of the saltmarsh extent and spending most their time on higher elevation habitat within 500 m of the sea wall, but moving further onto the saltmarsh as the season progressed. Breeding redshank also nest on these higher elevation zones, and this breeding coincides with the early period of grazing. Probability of nest trampling was correlated to livestock density and was up to six times higher in the areas where redshank breed. This overlap in both space and time of the habitat use of cattle and redshank means that the trampling probability of a nest can be much higher than would be expected based on standard measures of cattle density. Synthesis and applications: Because saltmarsh grazing is required to maintain a favorable vegetation structure for redshank breeding, grazing management should aim to keep livestock away from redshank nesting habitat between mid‐April and mid‐July when nests are active, through delaying the onset of grazing or introducing a rotational grazing system.

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Environmental factors affecting daily water intake on cattle finished in feedlots

Cited by 70 publications

References 21 publications

Feedlot Assessment of Four Indigenous Breeds of Cattle on in Nigeria

Feedlot Assessment of Four Indigenous Breeds of Cattle on in Nigeria

Biological responses of feedlot cattle to heat load

Nest trampling and ground nesting birds: Quantifying temporal and spatial overlap between cattle activity and breeding redshank

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