Environmental factors, immune changes and respiratory diseases in troops during military activities

Korzeniewski, Krzysztof; Nitsch–Osuch, Aneta; Chciałowski, Andrzej; Korsak, Jolanta

doi:10.1016/j.resp.2013.02.003

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Long-term exposure to desert dust particles will lead to nonindustrial pneumoconiosis or desert lung syndrome [117]. Currently, studies continue to examine dust and related health effects for troops deployed in desert regions of Iraq and Afghanistan to understand exposure as well as pathogens in the dust [118][119][120][121][122][123][124].…”

Section: Desert Dust and Other Respiratory Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Global Desert Dust and Associated Human Health Effects

et al. 2016

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Dust storms and sandy dust events originating in arid and semi-arid areas can transport particulate material, pollutants, and potential transport long distances from their sources. Exposure to desert dust particles is generally acknowledged to endanger human health. However, most studies have examined anthropogenic particulate sources, with few studies considering contributions from natural desert dust. A systematic literature review was undertaken using the ISI Web of Knowledge and PubMed databases with the objective of identifying all studies presenting results on the potential health impact from desert dust particles across the world. This review reveals an imbalance between the areas most exposed to dust and the areas most studied in terms of health effects. Among the human health effects of dust storms are mortality and morbidity, arising from respiratory system, circulatory system, and other diseases. We summarize the quantitative results of current scientific health research and possible pathological mechanisms, and describe some of the many challenges related to understanding health effects from exposures to desert dust particles. Overall, for respiratory and circulatory mortality, both positive and negative associations have been reported for PM 10 of desert dust, but only a positive relationship was reported between PM 2.5-10 and mortality, and a positive relationship was also reported between PM 2.5 and human mortality. Future pathological studies should continue to focus on those mechanisms causing the most harmful effect of desert dust on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. More attention should also be paid to the association between desert dust and the morbidity of other diseases, such as those affecting the reproductive system and nervous system.

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Section: Desert Dust and Other Respiratory Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Global Desert Dust and Associated Human Health Effects

et al. 2016

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“…The appropriate use of IT instillation for toxicology testing has been addressed by a panel of experts from the Inhalation Specialty Section of the Society of Toxicology that concluded that IT instillation serves a valid mode in hazard identification (Driscoll et al 2000). Second, service personnel in Iraq were exposed not only to field dust, but also to pit burning, spores, and other pollutants (Rose 2012; Korzeniewski et al 2013). In light of the current study, evaluation of coexposure to field dust and particles generated during pit burning is warranted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are few quantitative exposure data for military personnel during Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom, and exposures in the military operational environment are complex, involving field dust, pit burning, spores, munition combustion products, diesel exhaust, and various other chemicals (Rose 2012; Korzeniewski et al 2013). Consequently, it has proved challenging to investigate the association of postdeployment respiratory disease with particular exposures or events in SWA.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Pulmonary Toxicity of Ambient Particulate Matter From Camp Victory, Iraq

Porter

Green

Harley

et al. 2015

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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Anecdotal reports in the press and epidemiological studies suggest that deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan may be associated with respiratory diseases and symptoms in U.S. military personnel and veterans. Exposures during military operations were complex, but virtually all service members were exposed to high levels of respirable, geogenic dust. Inhalation of other dusts has been shown to be associated with adverse health effects, but the pulmonary toxicity of ambient dust from Iraq has not been previously studied. The relative toxicity of Camp Victory dust was evaluated by comparing it to particulate matter from northern Kuwait, a standard U.S. urban dust, and crystalline silica using a single intratracheal instillation in rats. Lung histology, protein levels, and cell counts were evaluated in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 1–150 d later. The Iraq dust provoked an early significant, acute inflammatory response. However, the level of inflammation in response to the Iraq dust, U.S. urban dust, and Kuwait dust rapidly declined and was nearly at control levels by the end of the study At later times, animals exposed to the Iraq, U.S. urban, or Kuwait dusts showed increased small airway remodeling and emphysema compared to silica-exposed and control animals without evidence of fibrosis or premalignant changes. The severity and persistence of pulmonary toxicity of these three dusts from the Middle East resemble those of a U.S. urban dust and are less than those of silica. Therefore, Iraq dust exposure is not highly toxic, but similar to other poorly soluble low-toxicity dusts.

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“…The problem is important from the clinical standpoint since the world seemingly has forgotten about this kind of infections. The theme of respiratory infections is topped by the article of Korzeniewski et al (2013) that describes respiratory illnesses among soldiers deployed in faraway war arenas. The article is valuable taking into account the scarcity of such analyses.…”

Section: Foreword ଝmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foreword

Pokorski¹

2013

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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Environmental factors, immune changes and respiratory diseases in troops during military activities

Cited by 24 publications

References 39 publications

A Systematic Review of Global Desert Dust and Associated Human Health Effects

A Systematic Review of Global Desert Dust and Associated Human Health Effects

Evaluation of the Pulmonary Toxicity of Ambient Particulate Matter From Camp Victory, Iraq

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