Environmental factors influencing streamwater composition on sandstone (Vosges Mountains)

Abstract

-The influence of sandstone composition, precipitation, vegetation and relief on streamwater composition at base flow was studied in 95 forested catchments located in the sandstone part of the Vosges Mountains (N.E. France). Catchments lie on four main types of sandstone. Information was acquired for each catchment using a geographic information system (GIS) and spatially distributed databases. Sulphate concentration is mainly negatively correlated to the annual rainfall and positively to the relative area covered by conifers in the catchment. Nitrate is positively correlated to altitude. Sodium, Cl and Si concentrations are strongly inter-correlated and negatively related to the annual precipitation and the relative area of the conglomerate layer in the catchment. Calcium, Mg, ANC (Acid Neutralising Capacity) and pH are negatively correlated to precipitation, and positively correlated to the relative area of the sandstone layer containing dolomitic nodules. This study emphasizes the role of annual rainfall amounts in controlling stream chemistry at base flow.streamwater / acidification / spatial analysis / Vosges / sandstone Résumé -Facteurs environnementaux influençant la composition chimique des eaux sur substrats gréseux dans les Vosges. L'influence de la composition chimique des grès, des précipitations, de la végétation et du relief sur la composition chimique des ruisseaux en étiage a été étudiée dans 95 bassins versants des Vosges en utilisant un système d'information géographique (SIG) et des bases de données géo-référencées. La concentration en sulfates est corrélée négativement avec les précipitations moyennes annuelles et positivement avec la surface relative couverte par les résineux dans le bassin. Les nitrates sont positivement corrélés avec l'altitude. Le sodium, le chlorure et la silice sont fortement inter-corrélés et sont négativement liées aux précipitations et à la surface relative du conglomérat dans le bassin. Le calcium, le magnésium, l'ANC et pH sont négativement corrélés aux précipitations, et positivement corrélés avec la surface relative occupée par le grès de Senones, qui contient des nodules dolomitiques. L'étude souligne le rôle des précipitations annuelles sur la composition chimique des eaux en étiage. chimie des eaux / acidification / analyse spatiale / Vosges / grès

Predicting natural base‐flow stream water chemistry in the western United States

“…However, predictive ability of these models can vary widely when applied to different portions of the landscape. Models predicting ANC by Berg et al [2005] and models predicting ANC, Ca, and Mg by Nedeltcheva et al [2006a, 2006b] showed wide variation in their R 2 values when applied to areas differing in size or geology, respectively. In both cases, models for some portions of the landscape had performance similar to ours, but models of other areas were much weaker.…”

Hyporheic zone influences on concentration‐discharge relationships in a headwater sandstone stream

“…Many authors have suggested explanations for the temporal and spatial variability of stream CQ relationships. Such relationships may be controlled by organic matter and solute source mass distribution [Hood et al, 2006;Herndon et al, 2015], geomorphic regime [Kasahara and Wondzell, 2003;Torres et al, 2015;Ward et al, 2016], anthropogenic contributions [Basu et al, 2010;Thompson et al, 2011;Musolff et al, 2015], water residence time [Tetzlaff et al, 2009;Maher, 2011], subsurface flow paths [Anderson et al, 1997;Mulholland and Hill, 1997], seasonality [Butturini and Sabater, 2000], storm events [Hill, 1993;Kirchner, 2003;Zimmer and Lautz, 2014], bedrock lithology [Bluth and Kump, 1994;Hattanji and Onda, 2004;Nedeltcheva et al, 2006;Ibarra et al, 2016], and cation exchange [Clow and Mast, 2010]. Depending on catchment characteristics, stream solute concentrations can remain constant (''chemostatic'') or can change (''chemodynamic'') in response to changes in stream discharge [McDonnell, 2003;Andrea et al, 2006;Godsey et al, 2009;Thompson et al, 2011;Kirchner and Neal, 2013;Musolff et al, 2015].…”

Long-term sustainability of forest ecosystems on sandstone in the Vosges Mountains (France) facing atmospheric deposition and silvicultural change

“…Soil mineral weathering: Soil mineralogy was computed from total soil analysis and general information on soil minerals on sandstone (Nedeltcheva et al, 2006). We used the thoroughly tested and validated geochemical model PROFILE (Sverdrup and Warfvinge, 1988) calibrated with the SP57 soil solution concentrations to calculate this annual input.…”