Environmental Fate and Effects of Dicamba: A Canadian Perspective

Caux, Pierre-Yves; Kent, Robert A.; Tache, M.; Grande, C.; Fan, Guangping; MacDonald, Donald D.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-9529-4_1

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…We obtained the K oc values of dicamba from 0 to 13 L kg -1 for the sandy soil and 23 L kg -1 for the clay soil. Previously reported K oc varied from 0.078 to 50 L kg -1 with most values falling between 2 and 4 L kg -1 (Wauchope et al 1992;Caux et al 1993).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A range of K d values from 0 to 0.9 L kg -1 is reported in the literature (Caux et al 1993). To account for the effects of soil type, K d is usually converted to K oc by dividing K d with organic C fraction of soil.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MCPA and dicamba are pesticides commonly used in Alberta (Smith 1982); dicamba and MCPA are in the top ten accounting for >80% of all herbicides sold in Canada (Caux et al 1993(Caux et al , 1995.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sorption of clopyralid, dicamba and MCPA by two soils with conventional and no-till management

Shang¹,

Arshad

1998

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Shang, C. and Arshad, M. A. 1998. Sorption of clopyralid, dicamba and MCPA by two soils with conventional and no-till management. Can. J. Soil Sci. 78: 181-186. Sorption is one of the key processes controlling the fate of agrochemicals in soil systems. The sorption of agrochemicals on a soil matrix can be affected by changes in chemical and physical properties caused by different tillage practices. Clopyralid (3,6-dichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid), dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid), and MCPA ((4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid), weakly acidic herbicides, are commonly used to control broadleaf weeds in crop production. The sorption of the three herbicides by surface soils (0-5 cm) from different tillage systems was studied by batch equilibrium. Of the herbicides used, MCPA was sorbed on soil in the greatest quantity, dicamba was the least sorbed, and the sorp-tion was dependent on the pK a values of herbicides. In a sandy loam soil, more herbicide was sorbed under no-tillage (NT) than conventional tillage (CT). However, in a clay soil the difference in herbicide sorption between the two tillage systems was not consistent. The results can be explained in terms of changes in soil pH and organic matter content. The presence of clopyralid and MCPA lowered the sorption of dicamba, and MCPA was more effective than clopyralid in competing for sorption sites with dicamba. Shang, C. and Arshad, M. A. 1998. Sorption du clopyralide, du dicamba et du MCPA sur deux sols exposés au travail classique ou à la culture sans travail du sol. Can. J. Soil Sci. 78: 181-186. La sorption est l'un des mécanismes clés déterminant le devenir des produits agrochimiques dans le sol. La sorption de ces produits sur la matrice du sol peut varier selon les modifications des propriétés chimiques et physiques du sol résultant des différentes pratiques culturales utilisées. Le clopyralide (acide dichloro-2, 3 pyrine-2 carboxylique), le dicamba (acide dichloro-3,6 méthoxy-2 benzoïque) et le MCPA (acide chloro-4 méthyl-2 phénoxy-acétique), herbicides de faible acidité sont couramment utilisés pour la lutte contre les dicotylédones dans les cultures. Nous avons examiné par la méthode d'équilibration fractionnée la sorption des 3 substances dans le sol de surface (0-5 cm) résultant de divers systèmes de travail du sol. C'est le MCPA qui était adsorbé en plus forte quantité et le dicamba en plus faible quantité et le taux de sorption dépendait des valeurs pK a de l'herbicide. En loam sableux, la sorption était plus importante en régime de culture sans labour qu'en régime de travail classique. En sol argileux, les différences observées selon les 2 régimes de travail du sol n'étaient pas régulières. Les résultats s'expliquaient par les modifications du pH et de la teneur en matière organique du sol. En présence de clopyralide et de MCPA, la sorption du dicamba était moins forte, le MCPA s'avérant, par ailleurs, plus efficace que le clopy-ralide pour disputer au dicamba les sites de sorption.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sorption of clopyralid, dicamba and MCPA by two soils with conventional and no-till management

Shang¹,

Arshad

1998

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…However, mitigating the sorption effects on mobility is the fact that dicamba can be rapidly degraded (7)(8)(9). Degradation products include 3,6-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid (3,6-DCSA), 3,6-dichloro-5-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzoic acid (5-HO-dicamba), 3,6-dichloro2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,, and C0 2 (10). While there is research on environmental fate and behavior of dicamba in soil, there is little information on formation and movement of its metabolites in the field.…”

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confidence: 99%

Use of Field Lysimeters To Determine ¹⁴C-Dicamba Persistence and Movement in Soil

Koskinen

Sorenson

Buhler

et al. 1998

ACS Symposium Series

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“…Klorprifosun topraktan baraj ve gölet gibi su kaynaklarına doğru olan en önemli taĢınım yolunun tarımsal akıĢlar, püskürtme ve erozyon olduğunu yapılan çalıĢmalar belirtmektedir [10]. Topraktan su ortamına transfer olan klorprifos, mikroorganizmalar tarafından parçalanmaya uğramakta ve su ortamı canlılarına özellikle kabuklu su canlılarına toksik etki yaptığı bilinmektedir [11].…”

Section: Gġrġġunclassified

Klorpri̇fosun Daphnia Magna Kullanarak Toksi̇si̇tesi̇ni̇n Araştirilmasi Ve Çevresel Ri̇sk Değerlendi̇rmesi̇

Ekmekyapar

Tosun²,

Ataçoğlu³

2016

Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi

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ÖZETTarım ilaçlarının çevresel ve sucul ortamlarda her geçen gün daha fazla tespit edilmesi ve bu ortamlarda yaĢayan canlılara olan zararlı etkileri, giderek artan endiĢelere neden olmaktadır. Toprakta, bitkilerde, yer altı ve yüzeysel sularda kalıcı olan ve biyolojik birikime uğrayan klorprifos ve benzeri kimyasal maddelerin toksisite testleri ve çevresel risk değerlendirme çalıĢmaları günümüzde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Kontrol edilemeyen tarımsal akıĢ suları ile su kaynaklarına taĢınabilen tarım ilaçları sucul yaĢam için ölümcül olabilmektedir. Klorprifos, tarımda böcek kontrolünde yaygın olarak uygulanan organofosfat grubu bir ilaçtır. Bu çalıĢmada meyve ve sebze tarımında kullanılan klorprifos isimli tarım ilacının çevresel risk değerlendirilmesi yapılarak akut toksisite testi (ISO 6341) ile toksisitesi belirlenmiĢtir. Risk değerlendirme çalıĢması için, klorprifosun literatürde verilen konsantrasyon aralıkları da göz önünde bulundurularak tarımsal akıĢ sularında bulunabilecek konsantrasyonlar kullanılmıĢtır. Laboratuar ölçekli olarak hazırlanan ve 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10 ve 0.12 µg/L klorprifos içeren su örneklerinin toksisitesi için Daphnia magna (tatlı su pireleri) kullanılmıĢtır. Daphnia magna ile yapılan toksisite sonuçlarına göre, klorprifosun konsantrasyonu arttıkça toksisitede % 45' e ulaĢan artıĢ gözlenmiĢtir (r 2 =0.9808).Anahtar Kelimeler: Klorprifos, tarımsal akıĢ suları, çevresel risk değerlendirme, toksisite, Daphnia Magna. INVESTIGATION OF CHLORPYRIFOS TOXICITY USING DAPHNIA MAGNA AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT ABSTRACTPesticides have recently been detected increasingly in aquatic environment which are causing harmfull effects to these environment have led to growing concern. Nowadays, toxicity test and environmental risk assessment of chlorpyrifos and other chemicals which bioacumulated in soil, vegetation, groundwater, surface water have widely used. Pesticides transported to water resources by uncontrolled agricultural runoff can have lethal aquatic life. Chlorpyrifos is commonly applied organophosphorus insecticide in agricultural pest control. In this study, the environmental risk assessment and toxicity of chlorpyrifos which used farming of fruits and vegetables was determined using acute toxicity test (ISO 6341). The concentration ranges that given in the literature were used for risk assessment. The concentration of chlorpyrifos in agricultural runoff were used considering ranges which given in the literature. The toxicity of water samples which prepared in laboratory and contain 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10 ve 0.12 µg/L were determined by using Daphnia magna. According to the results of toxicity, the increase was observed in toxicity by 45% reaching as the concentration of chlorpyrifos was increased (r 2 =0.9808).

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Environmental Fate and Effects of Dicamba: A Canadian Perspective

Cited by 27 publications

References 54 publications

Sorption of clopyralid, dicamba and MCPA by two soils with conventional and no-till management

Sorption of clopyralid, dicamba and MCPA by two soils with conventional and no-till management

Use of Field Lysimeters To Determine ¹⁴C-Dicamba Persistence and Movement in Soil

Klorpri̇fosun Daphnia Magna Kullanarak Toksi̇si̇tesi̇ni̇n Araştirilmasi Ve Çevresel Ri̇sk Değerlendi̇rmesi̇

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Environmental Fate and Effects of Dicamba: A Canadian Perspective

Cited by 27 publications

References 54 publications

Sorption of clopyralid, dicamba and MCPA by two soils with conventional and no-till management

Sorption of clopyralid, dicamba and MCPA by two soils with conventional and no-till management

Use of Field Lysimeters To Determine 14C-Dicamba Persistence and Movement in Soil

Klorpri̇fosun Daphnia Magna Kullanarak Toksi̇si̇tesi̇ni̇n Araştirilmasi Ve Çevresel Ri̇sk Değerlendi̇rmesi̇

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Use of Field Lysimeters To Determine ¹⁴C-Dicamba Persistence and Movement in Soil