Environmental Fate and Properties of 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)urea (Diflubenzuron, DIMILIN®)

Booth, Gary M.; Alder, D.C.; Lee, Milton L.; Carter, Melvin W.; Whitmore, Robert C.; Seegmiller, Robert E.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-4824-2_8

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Difl ubenzuron has 4 w or more residual activity against locust and grasshoppers in rangeland (Scherer & Rakotonandrasana 1993;Cantangui et al 1993a;Bouaichi et al 1994a;Catangui et al 1994aCatangui et al , 1994bFoster et al 2000;Kambulin 2000;Royer et al 2001). Further, difl ubenzuron has low toxicity to mammals, birds, fi sh, and earthworms (Marx 1977, Booth et al 1987, World Health Organization 1996. Although it is toxic to aquatic microcrustaceans (Hansen & Garton 1982, Lahr et al 2000, Lahr et al 2001, populations recover rapidly due to dissipation of difl ubenzuron in water (Schaefer & Dupras 1976, Booth et al 1987, Knuth & Heinis 1995, Mabury & Crosby 1996, World Health Organization 1996, Lahr et al 2000.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, difl ubenzuron has low toxicity to mammals, birds, fi sh, and earthworms (Marx 1977, Booth et al 1987, World Health Organization 1996. Although it is toxic to aquatic microcrustaceans (Hansen & Garton 1982, Lahr et al 2000, Lahr et al 2001, populations recover rapidly due to dissipation of difl ubenzuron in water (Schaefer & Dupras 1976, Booth et al 1987, Knuth & Heinis 1995, Mabury & Crosby 1996, World Health Organization 1996, Lahr et al 2000. Effects on aquatic microcrustacea depend on their developmental stage when exposed (Touart & Rao 1987).…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A literature review and new observations on the use of diflubenzuron for control of locusts and grasshoppers throughout the world

Weiland¹,

Judge²,

Pels³

et al. 2002

Journal of Orthoptera Research

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A literature review and new observations on the use of diflubenzuron for control of locusts and grasshoppers throughout the world

Weiland¹,

Judge²,

Pels³

et al. 2002

Journal of Orthoptera Research

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“…Metabolism of diflubenzuron in insects, mammals and micro-organisms varies, involving mixed function oxidases, esterases and glutathione transferases (Retnakaran and Wright, 1987;Ishaaya, 1993 Booth et al, 1987; 5 Cohen, 1993. xenobiotic compounds, and can be assayed through a series of biomarkers. CYP1A (monooxygenase system) represents a range of Phase I enzymes that alter (hydroxylate) xenobiotics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted environmental monitoring for the effects of medicines used to treat sea-lice infestation on farmed fish

Davies

Rodger²,

Redshaw

et al. 2001

ICES Journal of Marine Science

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Farmed Atlantic salmon often suffer from sea-lice infestations, which are commonly controlled by the use of a variety of medicines, and the fate of these medicines has implications for the health of the marine environment around fish farms. The Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) is responsible for monitoring and protecting the quality of Scottish coastal waters and for regulating discharges which may affect water quality, including releases of medicines from fish farms. We review the utility of established biological effects measurements (biomarkers and bioassays) for monitoring the effects of these medicines. The specificity and suitability of biological effects techniques to the mode of toxic action, metabolism, and environmental fate of the medicines are considered. It is concluded that scope-for-growth measurements in wild and deployed mussels (Mytilus edulis) and lugworm (Arenicola marina) bioassays, in combination with a suite of biomarker techniques, offer the best possibilities.

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Spray deposit patterns and persistence of diflubenzuron in some terrestrial components of a forest ecosystem after application at three volume rates under field and laboratory conditions

Sundaram

1991

Pestic. Sci.

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Spray deposit patterns and persistence of diflubenzuron [1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐ 3‐(2,6‐difluorobenzoyl)urea] in white pine (Pinus strobus L.) and sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) canopies, forest litter and soil were studied after aerial application of a 250 g kg−1 wettable powder formulation, ‘Dimilin® WP‐25’, at 70 g active ingredient (a.i.) ha−1, using three volume rates (10, 5 and 2.5 liters ha−1) over three blocks in a mixed forest near Kaladar, Ontario, Canada, during 1986. Spray droplets were sampled at ground level using ‘Kromekote®’ cards, and diflubenzuron deposits were collected on glass plates. Droplets were the largest (with a volume median diameter of 250 μm) at the 10 liters ha−1 rate, resulting in the highest number of droplets per cm2 on the Kromekote cards and deposits of diflubenzuron on glass plates. Deposits on foliage, litter and soil were also correspondingly the highest. At the 5.0 and 2.5 liters ha−1 rates, volume median diameter values were smaller (195 and 150 μm, respectively) and deposits on the substrates were markedly lower. In the spray block that received 10 liters ha−1, diflubenzuron persisted in foliage as long as 120 days after treatment, but it lasted for only about a week in forest litter and soil samples. At 5 and 2.5 liters ha−1, diflubenzuron failed to persist in foliage as long, and residues in litter and soil, which were barely above the quantification limit, persisted only for a few days. Laboratory studies, conducted under constant meteorological conditions using different droplet‐size spectra, showed that deposit levels were not affected when the volume median diameter of the spray cloud decreased from 253 μm to 145 μm, but were markedly reduced as this progressively decreased from 92 to 37μm. The dissimilarities between the field and laboratory findings were attributed to meteorological and other factors influencing droplet deposition on tree canopy in aerial applications of pesticides over forests.

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Environmental Fate and Properties of 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)urea (Diflubenzuron, DIMILIN®)

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

A literature review and new observations on the use of diflubenzuron for control of locusts and grasshoppers throughout the world

A literature review and new observations on the use of diflubenzuron for control of locusts and grasshoppers throughout the world

Targeted environmental monitoring for the effects of medicines used to treat sea-lice infestation on farmed fish

Spray deposit patterns and persistence of diflubenzuron in some terrestrial components of a forest ecosystem after application at three volume rates under field and laboratory conditions

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