Environmental fate, distribution and state-of-the-art removal of antineoplastic drugs: A comprehensive insight

Mukherjee, Santanu; Mehta, Dip; Dhangar, Kiran; Kumar, Manish

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2020.127184

Cited by 36 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Also of importance is that the majority of drugs and ingredients of nanocontainers are classified as being harmful to the environment [31]. It should be mentioned that the term "biodegradability" is primarily applicable to the environment, waste controlling, and bioremediation, and is associated with the environmentally friendly criterion.…”

Section: Nanocontainers Based On Biodegradable Surfactantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Assembling Drug Formulations with Tunable Permeability and Biodegradability

et al. 2021

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This review focuses on key topics in the field of drug delivery related to the design of nanocarriers answering the biomedicine criteria, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, and the ability to overcome biological barriers. For these reasons, much attention is paid to the amphiphile-based carriers composed of natural building blocks, lipids, and their structural analogues and synthetic surfactants that are capable of self-assembly with the formation of a variety of supramolecular aggregates. The latter are dynamic structures that can be used as nanocontainers for hydrophobic drugs to increase their solubility and bioavailability. In this section, biodegradable cationic surfactants bearing cleavable fragments are discussed, with ester- and carbamate-containing analogs, as well as amino acid derivatives received special attention. Drug delivery through the biological barriers is a challenging task, which is highlighted by the example of transdermal method of drug administration. In this paper, nonionic surfactants are primarily discussed, including their application for the fabrication of nanocarriers, their surfactant-skin interactions, the mechanisms of modulating their permeability, and the factors controlling drug encapsulation, release, and targeted delivery. Different types of nanocarriers are covered, including niosomes, transfersomes, invasomes and chitosomes, with their morphological specificity, beneficial characteristics and limitations discussed.

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Section: Nanocontainers Based On Biodegradable Surfactantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Assembling Drug Formulations with Tunable Permeability and Biodegradability

et al. 2021

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“…[56] a PEC and analytical study on HWW of the city of Qom indicated concentration lower than that of the EMEA guidelines and that the investigation and itoring of the residual of cytotoxic anticancer drugs should be taken into account co ering the low efficiency of conventional WWTP in removing platinum cytotoxic pha ceutical compounds. One point which has to be taken into account when considering data on plat CDs occurrence is that the CDs-derived metal found in the environment is 1-2 ord magnitudes lower than other manufacturing/industrial sources [58].…”

Section: Prediction Of Platinum-based Cds Release Into the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dark Side of Platinum Based Cytostatic Drugs: From Detection to Removal

et al. 2021

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The uncontrolled release of pharmaceutical drugs into the environment raised serious concerns in the last decades as they can potentially exert adverse effects on living organisms even at the low concentrations at which they are typically found. Among them, platinum based cytostatic drugs (Pt CDs) are among the most used drugs in cancer treatments which are administered via intravenous infusion and released partially intact or as transformation products. In this review, the studies on environmental occurrence, transformation, potential ecotoxicity, and possible treatment for the removal of platinum cytostatic compounds are revised. The analysis of the literature highlighted the generally low total platinum concentration values (from a few tens of ng L−1 to a few hundred μg L−1) found in hospital effluents. Additionally, several studies highlighted how hospitals are sources of a minor fraction of the total Pt CDs found in the environment due to the slow excretion rate which is longer than the usual treatment durations. Only some data about the impact of the exposure to low levels of Pt CDs on the health of flora and fauna are present in literature. In some cases, adverse effects have been shown to occur in living organisms, even at low concentrations. Further ecotoxicity data are needed to support or exclude their chronic effects on the ecosystem. Finally, fundamental understanding is required on the platinum drugs removal by MBR, AOPs, technologies, and adsorption.

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“…Furthermore, these pollutants cannot be removed efficiently in conventional WWTPs and as a consequence, are discharged and accumulated into seas and oceans. The 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the active substance of capecitabine pharmaceutical and is classified as an antimetabolite due to its inhibitory mechanism of nuclear RNA exosome complex and tumor growth [ 3 , 4 ]. The physicochemical properties of 5-FU are relevant for the determination of its environmental action and the effects on human health and wild life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Pot Thermal Synthesis of g-C3N4/ZnO Composites for the Degradation of 5-Fluoruracil Cytostatic Drug under UV-LED Irradiation

et al. 2022

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Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was used to enhance the photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles for the degradation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) cytostatic drug under UV-LED irradiation. CN/ZnO composites were synthetized by an easy one-pot thermal method, varying the g-C3N4 loading, i.e., from 10 to 67 wt% and a post-thermal exfoliation in air. The physicochemical and optical properties of the materials were analyzed by several techniques. CN/ZnO composites showed a coral-like structure of spherical ZnO wurtzite particles on the g-C3N4 structure. In general, the synergism and heterojunction interface between both phases allowed the enhancement of the mesoporosity, light absorption ability, and the aromaticity of the corresponding composites. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of the CN/ZnO composites was increased with the addition of g-C3N4 in comparison with pristine ZnO. The highest activity was found for the composite containing 25 wt% of g-C3N4 (i.e., CN25/ZnO), reaching the total degradation of 5-FU and a mineralization of 48% at 180 min, as well as a good photostability during four reuse cycles. Experiments with different pH solutions and scavengers allowed for the assessment of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in the 5-FU degradation pathway, with radicals and non-radical species as the main responsible active species. Furthermore, a tentative photocatalytic mechanism was proposed for CN/ZnO composites.

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Environmental fate, distribution and state-of-the-art removal of antineoplastic drugs: A comprehensive insight

Cited by 36 publications

References 102 publications

Self-Assembling Drug Formulations with Tunable Permeability and Biodegradability

Self-Assembling Drug Formulations with Tunable Permeability and Biodegradability

The Dark Side of Platinum Based Cytostatic Drugs: From Detection to Removal

One-Pot Thermal Synthesis of g-C3N4/ZnO Composites for the Degradation of 5-Fluoruracil Cytostatic Drug under UV-LED Irradiation

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