Environmental filters determine the distribution of tree species in a threatened biodiversity hotspot in western Mexico

Arenas‐Navarro, Maribel; Oliva, Felipe García; Torres-Miranda, Andrés; Téllez‐Valdés, Oswaldo; Oyama, Ken

doi:10.17129/botsci.2398

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Such a pattern was also found in the western region of Mexico for tree species (Olvera-Vargas et al 2010) and in a study of six genera of the Mexican cloud forest (Alcántara et al 2002). This pattern corresponds to the one described by Guo et al (2013) for trees, and to the study of Arenas-Navarro et al (2020) who found a similar pattern in Serranias Meridionales of Jalisco for Quercus species.…”

Section: O N L I N E F I R S Tsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Finally, we want to point out that the number of altitudinal zones, species turnover points, and the richness pattern found in this study depend on the method being used (Bach & Gradstein 2011), the site of study (Mastreta-Yanes et al 2018) and the analyzed taxa (Arenas-Navarro et al 2020). However, a similar altitudinal pattern and altitudinal zones could be possibly found in the case of temperate taxa and those associated with oaks in the SMS.…”

Section: Ii)mentioning

confidence: 53%

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Species distribution of Quercus (Fagaceae) along an altitude gradient, reveals zonation in a hotspot

et al. 2021

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Background: The genus Quercus has a keystone role in the temperate forests in the northern hemisphere; thus this offers an interesting opportunity to use it as a model to know altitudinal species richness patterns which could be used in further studies and projects in biodiversity conservation. Questions: It is possible to detect an altitudinal gradient based on the genus Quercus distribution? What climatic variables are most important in the altitudinal distribution of the genus Quercus? Study site: The physiographic province of Sierra Madre del Sur (SMS) located southwest of Mexico. Methods: Based on 3,267 herbarium registers of 61 species, a data matrix was created with the presence/absence of each species in altitudinal intervals of 100 m. Then a similarity matrix was obtained using the Sorensen-Dice index in the R software. Through a discriminant analysis, we evaluated for environmental differences among the altitudinal zones previously obtained through a cluster analysis. Results: We found three altitudinal zones, each one defined by exclusive species, and two important species turnover points. The species richness distribution showed a hump-shaped pattern along the altitudinal gradient. The overall model was highly significant, evidencing the existence of different temperature and precipitation regimes throughout the altitudinal distribution of oaks species in SMS. Conclusions: The altitudinal distribution of oak species in the SMS is not homogeneous and is restricted mainly due to differences in the precipitation and temperature regimes. The altitudinal distribution pattern found in this study could be explained considering ecological and historical factors.

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Section: O N L I N E F I R S Tsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Ii)mentioning

confidence: 53%

Species distribution of Quercus (Fagaceae) along an altitude gradient, reveals zonation in a hotspot

et al. 2021

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“…The mean annual temperature ranges from 28.5 to 30.6 • C; the annual precipitation ranges from 1500 to 1800 mm, with 80% of the rainfall concentrated between June and October [42]. The main vegetation types are tropical deciduous forest at low elevations, passing through oak forest, pine-oak forest, montane cloud forest in glens and fir forest at high elevations [33,43]. The Serranías Meridionales of Jalisco is a biodiversity hotspot, with many tree species, including several endemic species of Quercus and Pinus, among others [44,45], and this could be one of the regions with the highest oak species richness in the world, reaching up to 30 oak species [33,46].…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on previous woody tree plot surveys across the region (33 rectangular plots, 0.1 ha; [33]), we were able to locate 21 oak species along the study area and we proceeded to measure functional traits on them. In each plot, we quantified the leaf and stem traits associated with resource uptake and water-use strategy between five and 15 adult individuals of each oak species, sampling a total of 275 individuals belonging to the 21 oak species (Table 1).…”

Section: Leaf and Stem Trait Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Habit and Stem Hydraulic Traits Determine Functional Segregation of Multiple Oak Species along a Water Availability Gradient

Arenas‐Navarro

García‐Oliva

Terrazas

et al. 2020

Forests

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Oaks are a dominant woody plant genus in the northern hemisphere that occupy a wide range of habitats and are ecologically diverse. We implemented a functional trait approach that included nine functional traits related to leaves and stems in order to explain the species coexistence of 21 oak species along a water availability gradient in a temperate forest in Mexico. This particular forest is characterized as a biodiversity hotspot, with many oak species including some endemics. Our main aim was to investigate whether the different oak species had specific trait associations that allow them to coexist along an environmental gradient at regional scale. First, we explored trait covariation and determined the main functional dimensions in which oaks were segregated. Second, we explored how environmental variation has selected for restricted functional dimensions that shape oak distributions along the gradient, regardless of their leaf life span or phylogeny (section level). Third, we quantified the niche overlap between the oak functional spaces at different levels. The analyzed species showed three functional dimensions of trait variation: a primary axis related to the leaf economic spectrum, which corresponds to the segregation of the species according to leaf habit; a second axis that reflects the stem hydraulic properties and corresponds to species segregation followed by phylogenetic segregation, reflecting some degree of trait conservatism, and a third axis, represented mainly by leaf area and plant height, that corresponds to species segregation. Finally, our findings indicated that the functional space measured with leaf traits and stem traits such as hydraulic capacity was integrally linked to niche differentiation. This linkage suggests that the earliest mechanism of species segregation was related to habitat suitability and that the stem hydraulic trade-off reflects differences between phylogenetic sections; these traits may promote coexistence between distantly related oak species.

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“…MTemWarQua and MTemColQua depict the extreme of temperature across the year that may act as abiotic filters selecting for specific sets of species adapted to those temperature conditions. MAnnPre and PreSeaso are key variables that depict the sum of water availability across the year but also how this varies temporally, which has been shown to strongly determine plant and animal distributions (Arenas‐Navarro et al, 2020; Zamora‐Gutierrez et al, 2018). As the results of different climate models may differ (Pierce et al, 2009), we followed the approach from Aguirre and collaborators (Aguirre‐Gutiérrez et al, 2017) to account for such variability in climate projections for the RCP 2.6 and 8.5.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability of bat–plant pollination interactions due to environmental change

Zamora‐Gutiérrez

Rivera‐Villanueva

Balvanera

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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Plant–pollinator interactions are highly relevant to society as many crops important for humans are animal pollinated. However, changes in climate and land use may put such interacting patterns at risk by disrupting the occurrences between pollinators and the plants they pollinate. Here, we analyse how the co‐occurrence patterns between bat pollinators and 126 plant species they pollinate may be disrupted given changes in climate and land use, and we forecast relevant changes of the current bat–plant co‐occurrence distribution patterns for the near future. We predict under RCP8.5 21% of the territory will experience a loss of bat species richness, plants with C3 metabolism are predicted to reduce their area of distribution by 6.5%, CAM species are predicted to increase their potential area of distribution up to 1% and phanerophytes are predicted to have a 14% reduction in their distribution. The potential bat–plant interactions are predicted to decrease from an average of 47.1 co‐occurring bat–plant pairs in the present to 34.1 in the pessimistic scenario. The overall changes in suitable environmental conditions for bats and the plant species they pollinate may disrupt the current bat–plant co‐occurrence network and will likely put at risk the pollination services bat species provide.

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Environmental filters determine the distribution of tree species in a threatened biodiversity hotspot in western Mexico

Cited by 23 publications

References 90 publications

Species distribution of Quercus (Fagaceae) along an altitude gradient, reveals zonation in a hotspot

Species distribution of Quercus (Fagaceae) along an altitude gradient, reveals zonation in a hotspot

Leaf Habit and Stem Hydraulic Traits Determine Functional Segregation of Multiple Oak Species along a Water Availability Gradient

Vulnerability of bat–plant pollination interactions due to environmental change

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