Environmental fungal spore aerosolization: a review

Abstract

Bioaerosol containing fungal spores became public health hazards. The aerosols contain the fungal spores of different species of Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Chaetomium, Penicillium, Wallemia, Stachybotrys etc. and caused various life-threatening respiratory diseases such as hypersensitivity, pneumonia, Aspergillosis, Candidiasis, Mucormycosis, Cancer, etc. They are easily transmitted from one individual to another. They also cause extreme damage to crops and create problems in food security by producing mycotoxins. The transmissions of fungal spores depend upon the environmental factor, seasonal variation, growth surface, type of fungal spore, etc. There are various biophysical, biochemical and molecular techniques that are present to detect fungal spores in aerosol. There are numerous physical and chemical agents that can kill fungi. Good public health and food security can be achieved through the detection and management of fungal spores in aerosols.

Diversity and Distribution Patterns of Culturable Airborne Fungi in Jiroft City

“…Forests, green spaces, and decaying plant material are the primary sources of airborne fungal spores [1]. Fungal spores can cause various human, animal, and plant diseases [2]. For example, humans can cause infection, autoimmune reactions, and allergies such as allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, severe asthma with fungal sensitization, and allergic fungal rhinosinusitis [2,5].…”

“…Fungal spores can cause various human, animal, and plant diseases [2]. For example, humans can cause infection, autoimmune reactions, and allergies such as allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, severe asthma with fungal sensitization, and allergic fungal rhinosinusitis [2,5]. The size of fungal spores determines the depth of their penetration and deposition in the human respiratory system, which seriously affects health [4].…”