Environmental heterogeneity regulates species-area relationships through the spatial distribution of species

He, Chenqi; Fang, Lian-Hua; Xiong, Xinyu; Fan, Fan; Li, Yangang; He, Luoshu; Shen, Xiaoli; Li, Sheng; Ji, Chengjun; Zhu, Jiangling

doi:10.1016/j.fecs.2022.100033

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…We observed both significant and non‐significant DVRs at the site‐level for both the plant and animal organism groups studied. Past work has shown that relationships between habitat abundance and species diversity vary with environmental conditions or through underlying processes, such as dispersal, or environmental filtering, that influence regional diversity (Shen et al 2009, Tjorve et al 2021b, He et al 2022). The impact of history, including climatic changes and biogeographic or evolutionary dynamics, may play an especially important role in constraining species pools in temperate habitats (Wiens and Donoghue 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity – volume relationships: adding structural arrangement and volume to species – area relationships across forest macrosystems

LaRue,

Downing,

Saucedo

et al. 2023

Ecography

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The species – area relationship (SAR) is a common pattern in which diversity increases with the area sampled, but ecosystems are three‐dimensional (3D) and diversity – volume relationships (DVRs) may exist in ecosystems that vary substantially in their vegetation volume. We tested whether forest vegetation volume, as a 3D extension of area in SARs, was a significant predictor of taxonomic (species) and structural (arrangement) diversity in five groups of organisms across the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON). Vegetation volume and four structural arrangement metrics within the area of NEON plots were measured using NEON's discrete return lidar. Species richness was measured as the number of species within the respective NEON plot sampling area for understory plants, trees, breeding land birds, small mammals, and ground beetles. We found that volume negatively predicted understory plants and positively predicted tree and beetle species richness across the USA forest macrosystem, but not bird and small mammal species richness. Furthermore, volume was a significant predictor of several metrics that describe the internal and external heterogeneity of vegetation in forests (structural arrangement) within the ecosystem across the USA forest macrosystem. There were several significant within site‐level relationships, but not at all sites, between volume and species richness or structural arrangement in organism groups. Our study indicates that previous work that has focused on a 2D conceptualization of habitat can be expanded to 3D habitat space, but that the strength and the positive or negative direction of DVRs may vary taxonomically or geographically.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity – volume relationships: adding structural arrangement and volume to species – area relationships across forest macrosystems

LaRue,

Downing,

Saucedo

et al. 2023

Ecography

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“…When the defined community size is large, we can obtain it by remote sensing. However, when the community size is different, the results differ [65,66]. Therefore, we should study the effect of ground subsidence on vegetation coverage or biodiversity from different scales.…”

Section: The Shortcomings and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ground Subsidence on Vegetation Chlorophyll Content in Semi-Arid Mining Area: From Leaf Scale to Canopy Scale

Lei

Yang

Wang³

2022

IJERPH

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Ground subsidence is the main cause of vegetation degradation in mining areas. It is of great significance to study the effects of ground subsidence on vegetation. At present, few studies have analyzed the effects of ground subsidence on vegetation from different scales. However, the conclusions on different scales may differ. In this experiment, chlorophyll content was used as an indicator of vegetation degradation. We conducted a long-term field survey in the Lijiahao coalfield in China. Based on field survey data and remote sensing images, we analyzed the effects of ground subsidence on chlorophyll content from two scales (leaf scale and canopy scale) and summarized the similarities and differences. We found that, regardless of leaf scale or canopy scale, the effects of subsidence on chlorophyll content have the following three characteristics: (1) mining had the least effect on chlorophyll content in the neutral area, followed by the compression area, and the greatest effect on chlorophyll content in the extension area; (2) subsidence had a slight effect on chlorophyll content of Caragana korshins, but a serious effect on chlorophyll content of Stipa baicalensis; (3) chlorophyll content was not immediately affected when the ground sank. It was the cumulative subsidence that affects chlorophyll content. The difference between leaf scale and canopy scale was that the chlorophyll content at canopy scale is more affected by mining. This means that when assessing vegetation degradation, the results obtained by remote sensing were more severe than those measured in the field. We believe that this is because the canopy chlorophyll content obtained by remote sensing is also affected by the plant canopy structure. We recommend that mining and ecological restoration should be carried out concurrently, and that ground fissures should be taken as the focus of ecological restoration. In addition, Caragana korshins ought to be widely planted. Most importantly, managers should assess the effects of ground subsidence on vegetation on different scales. However, managers need to be aware of differences at different scales.

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“…Habitats filter plant species, resulting in a heterogeneous distribution pattern of species in forests (Shen et al., 2009; Liu et al., 2020). For example, topography and soil properties explain the spatial distribution of different plant life forms and regulate their SARs in forest plots (He et al., 2022). Therefore, understanding the roles of species diversity patterns and environmental heterogeneity is crucial for determining the necessary sampling effort in forest studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sampling origins and directions affect the minimum sampling area in forest plots

He,

Fan,

Qiao

et al. 2024

J Vegetation Science

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QuestionsThe minimum sampling area (minimum area) is the smallest space that reflects species composition and characteristics of a plant community. The quantitative concept of minimum area is often estimated using species–area relationships (SARs) and has become the classical foundation for managing protected areas. However, sampling designs to determine the minimum area in different forest types have not been systematically evaluated.LocationChina.MethodsWe used tree census data from three forest dynamic plots, each with a size of 25–60 ha, in different climatic zones in China to determine the minimum areas of woody plants and to analyze the effects of species richness and topographic heterogeneity on the minimum areas by changing sampling origin and direction.ResultsWe found that mainly sampling design affects the estimation of woody plant species richness and required minimum area in different forest types. The estimated size of the minimum areas required was several hectares and varied significantly with sampling origin and direction, and showed a difference of approximately 1.5–2 times in the forest plots. Topographic heterogeneity significantly affected the minimum area through changes in species composition.ConclusionsSampling origin and direction should be considered when using SARs to estimate the minimum area and species diversity in communities. Such a comprehensive approach of sampling can contribute to a better understanding of vegetation characteristics and the minimum area required for a conservation census in heterogeneous environments.

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Environmental heterogeneity regulates species-area relationships through the spatial distribution of species

Cited by 11 publications

References 67 publications

Diversity – volume relationships: adding structural arrangement and volume to species – area relationships across forest macrosystems

Diversity – volume relationships: adding structural arrangement and volume to species – area relationships across forest macrosystems

Effects of Ground Subsidence on Vegetation Chlorophyll Content in Semi-Arid Mining Area: From Leaf Scale to Canopy Scale

Sampling origins and directions affect the minimum sampling area in forest plots

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