Environmental impact reduction of commercial aircraft around airports. Less noise and less fuel consumption

Abstract

Introduction Flight path optimization is designed for minimizing environmental impacts of aircraft around airports during approaches. The main objective of this paper is to develop a model of optimal flight paths taking into account jet noise, fuel consumption, constraints and extreme operational limits of the aircraft in approach. Materials and methods Optimal control problem combining aircraft flight paths, noise and fuel consumption is modeled and solved. Outputs, algorithm efficiency and their ability to be interfaced with the in-flight management system, respecting airspace system regulation constraints, are analyzed. Measurements of aircraft noise are carried out around Saint-Exupery Lyon International Airport for one year, and INM simulations are performed. Results and conclusion A two-segment approach is considered as an optimal trajectory. Aircraft alignment on the runway axis with a slope between 3 • and 4.5 • during the last approach segment is obtained and the descent rate is about 1060 ft/mn. This particularly characterizes the continuous descent approach having the potential to reduce noise emission by −4 dB and fuel consumption by −20 % to −10 % during the approach. Because of the suggested trajectory, optimized noise levels are less than the measured and INM values given by the empirical trajectory. Optimal trajectory consumes less than the standard one; and it can be integrated in the aircraft FMS and the autopilot system. This is one of

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