Environmental impacts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) production process

Comăniţă, Elena-Diana; Ghinea, Cristina; Roșca, Mihaela; Simion, Isabela Maria; Petraru, Madalina

doi:10.1109/ehb.2015.7391486

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Alfarisi and Primadasa (2018) state that PET bottle production (which is a packaging material for syrup) contributes significantly to climate change potential. POF impacts occur during the processing of fossil fuel (Comanita et al, 2015), that is 'diesel' in this process. Tablet production has considerable impacts in HT, IR, and MD impact categories.…”

Section: Results In Midpoint Impact Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing the environmental impacts of paracetamol dosage forms using life cycle assessment

Sharma

Raju

Sarkar

et al. 2021

Environ Dev Sustain

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A medicine can be administered in varied dosage forms which are having different environmental impacts. Two dosage forms of paracetamol (tablet and syrup) have the same function but are prepared and packaged differently, meaning that the environmental impacts arising out of their production will be of different magnitude. This study utilizes the life cycle assessment technique to find and compare the environmental impacts of two dosage forms of the paracetamol. Life cycle assessment software 'GaBi' v 8.0 has been utilized to carry out this study. Midpoint and endpoint impact assessment methods from 'ReCiPe' impact assessment method are used to carry out the life cycle impact assessment. The midpoint impact assessment results show that syrup production has 90% contribution in climate change impact category and more than 50% environment impact in fine particulate matter formation, fossil depletion, freshwater consumption, freshwater eutrophication, freshwater ecotoxicity, ionizing radiation, photochemical ozone formation, stratospheric ozone depletion, and terrestrial ecotoxicity midpoint impact categories. Tablet production has major impacts in 3 midpoint impact categories that are human toxicity, ionizing radiation, and metal depletion. Syrup production has major impacts (more than 70%) in 8 out of the 11 endpoint impact categories considered, while tablet production has a major impact in 3 impact categories that are human toxicity and ionizing radiation endpoint impact categories. Syrup production has a visibly higher impact in more number of midpoint as well as endpoint impact categories considered. The environmental hotspot is, however, dependent on the individual impact categories. The results of the study add to the existing knowledge of environmental sustainability assessment in the pharmaceutical sector and will benefit the environmental managers to better manage the environmental sustainability of pharmaceutical products.

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Section: Results In Midpoint Impact Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major impact in the HT impact category arises out of the blister packaging process, further in which the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sheet production causes a major impact. Comanita et al (2015) state that PVC production has impacts on the environment with a high contribution to human toxicity (HT) potential. Fig.…”

Section: Results In Midpoint Impact Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the environmental impacts of paracetamol dosage forms using life cycle assessment

Sharma

Raju

Sarkar

et al. 2021

Environ Dev Sustain

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These production methods do not lead to a netuptake, but could offer a potential 38-75% decrease in GHG emissions for bio-PUR [100] and a 40% reduction in GHG emissions to produce adipic acid (AA), a monomer in PA [101,102]. Further work is needed to select processing alterations to lower production emissions [103], including appropriate selection of energy resources [104], polymerization process [105,106], and farming practices [107]. Such adaptations, in conjunction with appropriate selection of feedstock, will support bioplastic production to act as a carbon-uptake mechanism.…”

Section: Challenges and Research Needsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and challenges for engineering construction materials as carbon sinks

et al. 2021

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Population growth and urbanization over the coming decades are anticipated to drive unprecedented demand for infrastructure materials and energy resources. Unfortunately, factors such as the degree of resource consumption, the energy-intensive nature of production, and the chemical-reaction driven emissions make infrastructure materials production industries among the greatest contributors to anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Yet there is an often-overlooked potential environmental benefit to infrastructure materials: most remain in use for decades and their long service lives can facilitate extended storage of carbon. In this perspective, we present an overview of recent technological advancements that can support infrastructure materials acting as a global, distributed carbon sink and discuss areas for further research and development. We present mechanisms to quantify the extent to which the embodied carbon will be removed from the carbon cycle for a long enough period of time to provide carbon sequestration and climate benefit. We conclude that it is possible to unlock the vast potential to engineer a carbon sequestration system that simultaneously meets societal need for expanding infrastructure systems; however, complexities in how these systems are engineered must be systematically and quantitatively incorporated into materials design.

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“…Most of the natural or synthetic composites are combined with polyurethane (PU) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or other elastomeric synthetic polymers having a long-chain linear molecule arrangement [ 2 ]. The harmful environmental effects of PU and PVC processing are a major problem [ 3 ]. PVC production has negative impacts on the environment, with a high contribution to the human toxicity potential (emissions of dioxins, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides [NOx] and global warming potential) [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SCOBY Cellulose Modified with Apple Powder—Biomaterial with Functional Characteristics

Bryszewska

Tabandeh

Jędrasik

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The need for new non-animal and non-petroleum-based materials is strongly emphasized in the sustainable and green economy. Waste materials have proven a valuable resource in this regard. In fact, there have been quite a large number of goods obtained from wastes called “Vegan leather” that have gained the clothing market’s attention in recent years. In practice, they are mostly composites of waste materials like cactus, pineapples, or, eventually, apples with polymers like polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride. The article presents the results of work aimed at obtaining a material based entirely on natural, biodegradable raw materials. Bacterial cellulose produced as a byproduct of the fermentation carried out by SCOBY was modified with glycerol and then altered by the entrapment of apple powder. The effect of introducing apple powder into the SCOBY culture media on the mechanical properties of the obtained bacterial cellulose was also evaluated The resulting material acquired new mechanical characteristics that are advantageous in terms of strength. Microscopic observation of the apple powder layer showed that the coverage was uniform. Different amounts of apple powder were used to cover the cellulose surface from 10 to 60%, and it was found that the variant with 40% of this powder was the most favorable in terms of mechanical strength. Also, the application of the created material as a card folder showed that it is durable in use and retains its functional characteristics for at least 1 month. The mechanical properties of modified bacterial cellulose were favorably affected by the entrapment of apple powder on its surface, and as a result, a novel material with functional characteristics was obtained.

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Environmental impacts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) production process

Cited by 26 publications

References 16 publications

Comparing the environmental impacts of paracetamol dosage forms using life cycle assessment

Comparing the environmental impacts of paracetamol dosage forms using life cycle assessment

Opportunities and challenges for engineering construction materials as carbon sinks

SCOBY Cellulose Modified with Apple Powder—Biomaterial with Functional Characteristics

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