Environmental Justice 2.0: new Latino environmentalism in Los Angeles

Carter, Eric

doi:10.1080/13549839.2014.912622

Cited by 42 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…These findings align with other studies showing that some EJ organizations have moved away from the traditional EJ frame of treating the protection from environmental hazards as a state-protected right (Carter 2014;Malin 2015;Ottinger 2013). That said, because the EJ activists I interviewed are not a representative sample of the entire movement, I am unable to identify how widespread this new common sense is.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Coopted environmental justice? Activists’ roles in shaping EJ policy implementation

Harrison

2015

Environmental Sociology

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In this article, I augment scholars' explanations for why agencies' environmental justice (EJ) programs often fail to meet EJ movement principles. Other scholars have shown that countermovement actors within the state and from industry have coopted EJ policy implementation by reframing 'EJ' away from activist principles. Drawing on insights from social movement theorists who have shown that social movement outcomes are shaped also by movements' own internal struggles, I focus here on the cleavages among EJ activists and how those factions shape EJ policy implementation outcomes. I do so through an analysis of agencies' EJ grant programs in the United States. I use agency documents to describe how most of the programs were implemented in problematic ways that deviate from long-standing EJ movement priorities, and I use qualitative interviews with movement leaders influential over other EJ advocates and agency EJ efforts to help explain those outcomes. I demonstrate that EJ policy implementation often deviates from long-standing EJ movement priorities not only because of cooptation by countermovement actors and other factors that scholars have rightly noted, but also because some leading EJ activists are reframing what EJ means in problematic ways and shaping agency EJ efforts to accord with that vision.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Coopted environmental justice? Activists’ roles in shaping EJ policy implementation

Harrison

2015

Environmental Sociology

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“…There is compelling evidence that environmental disparities between white and nonwhite communities, what I call the environmental racism gap, have not diminished and that the situation may have worsened (Bullard et al, 2007). EJ scholars have hinted at why the movement has failed to achieve substantive results, including industry capture of the state (Faber, 2008; Lievanos, 2012; Holifield, 2007); state co-optation of EJ activists (Harrison, 2015); and a less oppositional EJ movement (Carter, 2014; Benford, 2005). Yet, I argue a fundamental problem characterizing both EJ activism and research is the failure to theorize environmental racism as a constituent element of racial capitalism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographies of race and ethnicity II

Pulido

2016

Progress in Human Geography

587

159

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In this report I argue that environmental racism is constituent of racial capitalism. While the environmental justice movement has been a success on many levels, there is compelling evidence that it has not succeeded in actually improving the environments of vulnerable communities. One reason for this is because we are not conceptualizing the problem correctly. I build my argument by first emphasizing the centrality of the production of social difference in creating value. Second, I review how the devaluation of nonwhite bodies has been incorporated into economic processes and advocate for extending such frameworks to include pollution. And lastly, I turn to the state. If, in fact, environmental racism is constituent of racial capitalism, then this suggests that activists and researchers should view the state as a site of contestation, rather than as an ally or neutral force.

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“…For instance, the principles call for:a national and international movement of all peoples of color to fight the destruction and taking of our lands and communities … to ensure environmental justice; to promote economic alternatives which would contribute to the development of environmentally safe livelihoods; and, to secure our political, economic and cultural liberation that has been denied for over 500 years of colonization and oppression, resulting in the poisoning of our communities and land and the genocide of our peoples. (Delegates, 1991: 1)Nonetheless, these more radical activist imaginaries have slowly been replaced by more moderate appeals to the liberal state for inclusion and redress (Carter, 2016; Pellow, 2018). This shift has constrained the ability of EJ scholarship and activists to address the more profound aspirational imaginaries laid out in the principles of early movement leaders.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reimagining ‘justice’ in environmental justice: Radical ecologies, decolonial thought, and the Black Radical Tradition

Pulido

Lara

2018

Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space

138

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In this article, we rethink the spatial and racial politics of the environmental justice movement in the United States by linking it to abolitionist theories that have emerged from the Black Radical Tradition, to critical theories of urban ecology, and to decolonial epistemologies rooted in the geopolitics of Las Americas. More specifically, we argue that environmental justice organizing among multi-racial groups is an extension of the Black Radical Tradition's epistemic legacy and historical commitment to racial justice. The article is divided into two parts. First, we review how this remapping of environmental justice through the lens of the Black Radical Tradition and decolonial border thinking reshapes our understanding of anti-racist organizing. Part of our remapping includes an examination of African American and Latinx social movement organizing to reveal how such geographies of interracial solidarity can reframe abolitionist politics to take nature and space seriously. In the second part of the article, we present a series of maps that illustrate the geography, temporality, and inter-racial solidarity between Chicanx social movement organizations and the Black Radical Tradition. Our mapping includes identifying sites of interracial convergence that have explicitly and implicitly deployed abolitionist imaginaries to combat the production of racialized capitalist space. We use environmental justice to argue for a model of abolitionist social movement organizing that invites interracial convergence by imagining urban political ecologies that are free of the death-dealing spaces necessary for racial capitalism to thrive.

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Environmental Justice 2.0: new Latino environmentalism in Los Angeles

Cited by 42 publications

References 41 publications

Coopted environmental justice? Activists’ roles in shaping EJ policy implementation

Coopted environmental justice? Activists’ roles in shaping EJ policy implementation

Geographies of race and ethnicity II

Reimagining ‘justice’ in environmental justice: Radical ecologies, decolonial thought, and the Black Radical Tradition

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