Environmental Management and Disaster Mitigation: Middle Eastern Gender Perspective

Saad, Samia

doi:10.4135/9788132108078.n7

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In contrast, based on research concerning Middle Eastern countries, Saad (2009) argues that men in these countries will assist women and their families to move to a safer place. The important role of women as caretakers of the family is seen here, where women tend to secure their families, household assets, and other things needed for survival after a disaster.…”

Section: Women's Disaster Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data from recent disasters around the globe show that the number of female victims in disasters is twice that of male victims (Enarson and Meyreles 2004), and women and children are 14 times more likely to die in a disaster than other groups, especially in developing countries. Lack of social connections, unequal power relations, limited knowledge and skills, rigid gender roles, inadequate access to health services, low economic development levels, minority nationality and language status, informal employment status, patriarchal family structure, a gendered burden of care-giving responsibilities, limited or no community support networks, and high illiteracy rates have been found to contribute to women's vulnerability during disasters (Ikeda 1995;Ariyabandu and Foenseka 2006;Gokhale 2008;Ariyabandu 2009;Saad 2009; Enarson 2010;Isik et al 2015). Furthermore, Enarson and Meyreles (2004) found that exclusion of women from the disaster management and decision-making processes, especially in developing countries, has contributed to the higher rates of female victimization in disasters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vulnerability Factors of Afghan Rural Women to Disasters

Hamidazada

Cruz

Yokomatsu

2019

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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Disaster management is a global challenge, but disasters do not affect men and women equally. In most of the world's disasters, more females are impacted than males, and in Afghanistan the disparity between female and male victims is even greater. This study identifies and maps the relationships between the factors that make Afghan rural women more vulnerable to natural hazard-induced disasters. Data for this study were obtained through focus group discussions with rural women and men, as well as person-to-person interviews with employees of government and nongovernmental organizations at the national and local levels in Afghanistan. The study uses Grounded Theory and Interpretive Structural Modeling, not widely used before for this type of study, to analyze the data collected and to map the factors of vulnerability identified and their relationships. In agreement with previous studies, our findings show that insufficient disaster education, inadequate protection measures, and powerful cultural issues, both pre-and post-disaster, increase women's vulnerability during and after disasters. In particular, cultural issues play a role after disasters by affecting women's security, access to disaster aid, and health care. The study also found that perception regarding these cultural issues and how they affect women during disasters differs among men and women. Finally, by using Interpretive Structural Modeling, we show how the importance of the factors and their interrelationships change in pre-disaster and post-disaster situations. We conclude the article with some policy recommendations such as finding ways to allow women to participate in disaster planning activities and decision-making processes related to disaster risk reduction, as well as securing dedicated funds for the mainstreaming of gender in disaster risk reduction policies in Afghanistan.

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Section: Women's Disaster Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability Factors of Afghan Rural Women to Disasters

Hamidazada

Cruz

Yokomatsu

2019

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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“…Moreover, women are markedly absent in the decision making process, leadership roles, and higher levels of emergency management field [22]. Saad [31] suggested that preparedness campaigns should reflect knowledge of the roles women play in the family and community. Greet [16] argued that despite the gender concerns spelled out in policy documents of relief organizations, women's needs and roles in production and development are still being marginalized in development and disaster practice.…”

Section: Gender In Disaster Preparednessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, building capacities obviously take time but it should keep in mind that gender can make the difference between life and death [20]. That is why, men and women should be involved in the planning and execution of projects related to development, and in implementing proper mitigation measures to avoid the devastating impacts of natural disasters [31].…”

Section: Box 5 Win-win Situation For Gender Equalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Issues in Disaster: Understanding the Relationships of Vulnerability, Preparedness and Capacity

Ashraf¹,

Azad²

2015

eer

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The aim of the study is to explore the gender issues in disaster and to understand the relationships between vulnerability, preparedness and capacity following a qualitative method on the basis of secondary sources. The study notes that the women living in coastal areas are facing more difficulties due to the complexity of atmosphere where their activities are not properly recognized in disaster planning and management. However, the study showed that women, particularly belong to the poor families are primarily responsible for their domestic roles due to culturally dominated labour division. The study also recommended that women should be involved in emergency planning and disaster management process through ensuring their active participation. The inclusion of greater number of women in the emergency management profession could help in the long term to address disaster risks. Since, the underlying cultural, social, and economic patterns that lead to a low socioeconomic status of women and thereby generate their specific vulnerability to disasters. Though, such initiatives have not addressed like their entire adverse impact on socioeconomic status in recent literature, the present study is an initiative to address the women's involvement in preparedness and capacity building at the community level as well as household level which the vulnerable women are striving with the frequent disasters to sustain in the planet.

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“…The societal parameters of judgement for women switch, and men encourage women to take all the possible actions that might save their lives during a disaster. Saad (2009) also stated that during a crisis and immediately after that, the gender difference tends to temporarily disappear; however, once the situation settles, women suffer greater consequences as they lose their privacy and income opportunities [46]. One of the respondent men said: "Purdah is not valid in the time of disaster.…”

Section: Women Mobility Safety and Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Qualitative Insight into Gendered Vulnerabilities: A Case Study of the Shishper GLOF in Hunza Valley, Pakistan

2021

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Gendered vulnerability from women’s point of view has gained popularity in disaster studies in recent decades especially in the Global South. The positioning of women in society during normal times gives rise to vulnerabilities that are revealed when a disaster strikes. These vulnerabilities are often deep-rooted in societal makeup, cultural and traditional norms, and the economic fabric of society. In the context of Pakistan, the role of women in disaster risk reduction programs is still an under-researched area. In this paper, the gendered vulnerability progression in one of the mountain rural communities of Hassanabad in Hunza Valley (Northern Pakistan) is analyzed post-Shishper glacier lake outburst flood (GLOF) in 2019 and 2020. The study uses empirical qualitative data. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with men and women of different age groups within Hassanabad village. A thematic gendered analysis unveiled several interlinked social, economic, and institutional vulnerabilities. The gendered transitional phase of Hassanabad society positively indicates women’s involvement in different spheres of life, including disaster management and mitigation. However, the lack of gender consideration on a formal institutional level exacerbates the gendered vulnerabilities in Hassanabad village. The case study of Hassanabad demonstrated that women not only have an awareness of hazards but are also willing to participate proactively in disaster mitigation activities. Therefore, to reduce community vulnerability and yield long-term positive outcomes of disaster management and mitigation strategies, women must be involved at the formal institutional levels.

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Environmental Management and Disaster Mitigation: Middle Eastern Gender Perspective

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Vulnerability Factors of Afghan Rural Women to Disasters

Vulnerability Factors of Afghan Rural Women to Disasters

Gender Issues in Disaster: Understanding the Relationships of Vulnerability, Preparedness and Capacity

A Qualitative Insight into Gendered Vulnerabilities: A Case Study of the Shishper GLOF in Hunza Valley, Pakistan

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